300 78. CONIFER. 
10. Carrinus Linn. Hornbeam. 
1. C. Betulus (L.); scales of the fruit 3-parted, segments 
lanceolate the middle one longest.—E. B. 2032,—A small tree. 
L. ovate, acute, plaited when young, deeply and sharply doubly 
serrate.—Damp clayey woods and hedges. T. V. 
Subclass II. GYMNOSPERM 4. 
Seeds quite naked. 
Order LXXVIII. CONIFERE. 
Fl. moncecious or dicecious. Barren fi. of one or more mona- 
delphous stamens, in a deciduous catkin about a common axis. 
Anth. of 2 or more lobes bursting outwards, often terminated by 
a scalelike crest. Fertile fl. usually in cones sometimes solitary. 
Ovary spread open in the shape of a scale and placed in the axil 
of a membranous bract, in the solitary fl. apparently wanting. 
Ovules naked, in pairs on the face of the ovary and inverted, or 
(in the solitary fl.) erect. Fr. a cone, or solitary naked seed. 
Testa hard crustaceous. Embryo in the axis of fleshy albumen. 
Radicle next the apex. Ligneous tissue marked with circular 
disks. 
Tribe Il. TAXINEA. Male fi. in catkms. Fem. fi. solitary, 
naked or bracteated. 
1. Taxus. Catkins of male fl. oval, scaly below, flowering 
at the top. Stam. numerous. Anth. peltate, 3—8-celled. 
Fem. fl. scaly below. Style 0. Ovule surrounded at the 
base by a ring which becomes a fleshy cupshaped disk sur- 
rounding the seed—G. F. G. Monochl. 14. 
Tr. Il. CUPRESSINEZ. Male fl. in catkins. Anth. 4—7, 
inserted on the edge of the subpeltate scales. Fem. fl. few 
im a small catkin. Ovules pointing from the axis. 
2. Juniperus. Anth. 4—7, 1-celled, inserted on the lower 
edge of the scales. Scales of the fem. catkin imbricated, 
lower ones barren. Ovules 3, surrounded by a 3-fid fleshy 
involucre formed of the 3 uppermost connate scales of the 
catkn.—G, F. G. Monochl. 12. 
Tr. TW. ABIETINEA:. Fi. in catkins. Anth. 2, 1-celled. 
adnate to the underside of the scales. Fem. fl. a flat scale- 
like open ovary in the axil of a membranous scale. Ovules 
in pairs on the inner face of the ovary, pomting towards the 
axis. 
