328 89. JUNCACER. 
3. Luzuta. Caps. 1-celled, 3-valved, without dissepiments. 
Seeds 3, at the base of the cell. Otherwise like Juncus. 
1. Narruectum Huds. Bog Asphodel. 
1. N. ossifragum (Huds.); 1. linear-swordshaped, pedicels 
with 1 bract at the base and another above their middle, perianth 
longer than the stam. and considerably shorter than the caps.— 
E. B. 535. St. 78.3. R. x. 421.—St. 6—8 in. high, slightly 
leafy, decumbent and rooting below. L. mostly in radical 2+ 
ranked tufts, half the height of the stem. Cluster continuous. 
Fl. bright yellow,—Turfy bogs. P. VI. VII. 
2. Juncus Linn. Rush. 
* Barren and fertile stems subulate with leafy sheaths below. 
L. long, resembling the stems, or reduced to a mucro. Seeds 
with a loose testa forming a sack at each end (appendaged). 
1. J. maritimus (Sm.); st. naked, 1. radical terete sharp- 
pointed, panicle compound erect, segments of perianth equal 
lanceolate’ acute as long as the elliptical mucronate capsule.— 
E. B. 1725. R.ix.402.—St. erect, 1—2 feet high. Panicle elon- 
gated, lax.—Salt marshes, but not verycommon. P. VII. VIII. 
2. J. acutus (L.); st. naked, 1. radical terete sharp-pomted, 
panicle very compound mostly compact, segments of perianth 
equal half the length of the roundish ovate caps., 3 inner ones 
obtuse with a membranous border.—E. B. 1614. St. 71. 6. 
R. ix. 401.—St. erect, rigid, with a very sharp rigid point, 3—6 
feet high. Panicle dense, corymbose. Fr. twice as large as that of 
the preceding.—Sands on the sea-coast, rare. P. VII. VIII. E. I. 
** Barren and fertile stems subulate with sheaths at their 
bases which are either leafless or with rudimentary leaves. 
Seeds with a close testa (not appendaged). 
3. J. effusus (L.); st. naked faintly striated soft, pith conti- 
nuous, panicle close or diffuse, caps. obovate retuse not apiculate, 
stam. 3.—H. B. 836. R. ix. 413.—Height 1—2 feet. L. alto- 
gether wanting or reduced to minute slender filaments at the top 
of sheathing scales. Panicle diffuse, branched; or more or less 
dense, globose. Anth. oval, short.—Marshy ground. P. VII. 
Soft Rush. 
4. J. conglomeratus (L.); st. naked faintly striated soft, pith 
continuous, panicle close or diffuse, caps. obovate retuse api- 
culate, stam. 3.—E. B. 835. St. 71.3. KR. ix. 408.—Height 
1—2 feet. L. none or reduced to minute slender filaments at the 
top of the sheathing scales. Panicle globose, dense; or more or 
