390 97. GRAMINES. 
5 nerves all more or less silky, upper sheath longer than its leaf, 
ligule oblong acute.—E. B. 1141. P. 40, 41.—Root fibrous. 
St. ascending or prostrate. L. flaccid, often wavy, broad. 
Branches of the panicle patent or divaricated.—f. supina; outer 
pale glabrous or with a very few hairs on the midrib, branches of 
the panicle erect-patent, 1. narrow.—Very common. A. III.—X. 
3. P. minor (Gaud.); panicle oblong subovate, spikelets of 3 
or 4 webbed fl., outer pale with 5 nerves the dorsal and marginal 
hairy, upper sheath longer than its /eaf which is folded and slightly 
incurved but tapermg at the summit, uppermost knot covered, 
upper ligule long acute, lower ones short rather blunt.—P. flecu- 
osa Sm., FE. B. 1123.2 not of others.—Root fibrous. St.6—8 in. 
high. Fl. often viviparous.—Lofty mountams. Loch-na-Gar. 
Ben Nevis. P. VII. VIII. 
4. P. lava (Haenke!) ; panicle lax slightly drooping, spikelets 
oblong-ovate of 3 free fl., outer pale with 3 hairy nerves, wpper 
sheath longer than its leaf which 1s flat and taper-pointed, upper- 
most knot covered, ligules all long acute.—P. 38.—Root fibrous. 
St. 6—12 in. high. Fl. often viviparous; sometimes, it is said, 
slightly webbed.— Lofty mountains. Ben Nevis. Loch-na-Gar. 
P. VII. VIII. S. 
5. P. alptha (L.); panicle erect spreading when in flower, 
spikelets ovate of 3 or 4 free fl., outer pale with 3 hairy nerves, 
upper sheath longer than its leaf which is folded and rounded 
behind the summit, uppermost knot exposed, ligule long pointed. 
—E.B.1003. P. 37 and 94.—Root fibrous, tufted. St. 6—12 
in. high, basal sheaths common to it and the tuft of leaves. Fl. 
often viviparous.—Lofty mountains. P. VI. VII. 
6. P. cesia (Sm.); panicle erect slender, spikelets ovate of 
2—5 acute free fl., outer pale with 5 nerves the dorsal and mar- 
ginal hairy, upper sheath about as long as its leaf, uppermost knot 
near to the base of the stem, ligule obtuse —Root fibrous. St. 
6—12in. high. Lowest fl. longer than the large glume.—«. cesia; 
spikelets of 4 or 5 fi., panicle rather spreadmg. P. cesia Sm., 
E. B.1719. P.40.—£. glauca; spikelets of 2 or 3 fi., panicle 
rather close, 1. broader.—Mountains. «. Ben Lawers. Clova. 
8. Ben Nevis. P. VII. E. 8. 
+t Lower branches of the panicle in fives or 2 or 3 together. 
Dorsal and marginal nerves of the outer pale hairy. 
7. P. nemorals (L.); panicle rather drooping slender, spike- 
lets ovate-lanceolate of 3 or 4 webbed f1., outer pale with 5 nerves 
the dorsal and marginal hairy, upper sheath not longer than its 
leaf, uppermost knot at about the middle of the st. exposed, 
ligule extremely short truncate—E. B. 1265. P. 36.—Root 
