412 99. FILICES. 
First upper pinnule of each pinna longer than the others, its 
lower side (next the main rachis) usually nearly straight, its upper 
acutely auricled and forming an acute angle with the lower and 
with the partial rachis at the point of attachment. In young 
plants the pinne are serrate or pinnatifid or with one or more 
pinnules distinct. A few of the lowest pinnules are often slightly 
stalked but very differently from those of P. angulare—B. A. loba- 
tum (Sm.); pinnz less divided than in the type of the species 
and the fronds linear-lanceolate and more rigid Hedge-banks, 
P. VI. VIII. 
3. P. angulare (Newm.); fronds lax drooping lanceolate bi- 
pinnate, pinnules truncate below distinctly stalked bluntish.—N. 
173. Aspidium Sm., E. B. 8.2776. A. aculeatum Kunze.— 
Stipes usually elongated. First upper pinnule scarcely longer 
than the others, its lower side rounded below, its upper with a 
large bluntish auricle and forming an obtuse angle with the lower 
at the summit of the short stalk which is nearly at right-angles 
with the partial rachis, similar or rather more deeply serrate 
than the others; all short broad and bluntish : or first upper pin- 
nule deeply pinnatifid; all more acute: or pinnules all narrower 
and acute.—Sheltered wood and hedge-banks, chiefly in the west. 
P. VIL. VIII. 
6. Cystopreris Bernh. 
1. C. fragilis (Bernh.); frond lanceolate bipinnate, pinne 
ovate or ovate-lanceolate, pinnules oblong-ovate rather narrowed 
below acute or bluntish pmunatifid or cut serrated.—Clusters of 
sori rarely confluent. Pinne rather wedgeshaped at their base. 
—za. C. anthriscifolia (Roth) ; pimnules ovate acute cut, segments 
oblong toothed. Cystea fragilis Sm., N. 155.—. C. cynapifolia 
(Roth) ; pimnules obovate cut, segments obovate toothed or re- 
tuse at the end. C. fragilis E. B. 1587.—y. C. angustata (Sm.) ; 
pinnules lanceolate acute cut, segments lanceolate-oblong cut, 
teeth acute. E. B.S. 2790. N. 156. C. regia Roth.—The 
varieties are intimately connected.—Rocks and Walls. . Craven, 
and N. Wales. P. VII. 
2. C. dentata (Sm.); frond lanceolate bipinnate, pmne ovate 
or ovate-lanceolate, pinnules cordate-ovate or ovate blunt broad 
below bluntly toothed or rarely pinnatifid—E. B. 1588 (bad). 
N.154. C. fragilis Roth.—Sori more marginal than m the pre- 
ceding species, ultimately confluent. Pinne of young fronds re- 
flexed. In well grown plants the pinne are suddenly widened 
to their full extent just above their narrow stalklike base.—C. 
Dickieana of the gardens (Moore 83) which has overlapping pin- 
nz, broad blunt pimnules, and scattered sori, is a form of this 
plant found in a damp cave near Aberdeen.—Rocks and walls. 
Breadalbane Mountains and Cumberland. P. VII. E. 8. 
