422 102. CHARACER. 
divided into short jomts mostly finely pomted, nucules and 
globules placed at the jomings of the branchlets between the 
lateral rays—Small. Branches with 2 or 3 ascending branchlets, 
often again branched, at their first joining ; often but not always 
there is a simple branchlet beneath and at rt.-angles to the mam 
branch at that pot. Globules stalked, directed downwards, 
few. Nucules clustered, sessile, directed upwards.—Running 
water. Bury St. Edmonds. Cambridge. A.IV. E. 
II. Cuara Ag.—Crown of the nucule of 5 cells forming a 
single circle, sometimes spreading, persistent. Stems usually 
coated with smaller tubes.—Granule taking the place of one 
of the bracts. A double row of spines at base of each whorl. 
* Stem coated with as many tubes as there are branchlets in each 
whorl.—Branchlets coated. 
11. C. ertnita (Wallr.); dicecious, st. slender coarsely striated 
thickly beset with setaceous patent clustered spines, branchlets 
abbreviated, bracts whorled slender equal, nucules narrowly ob- 
long shorter than the bracts.—JVallr. Ann. Bot. t. 3.—Slender. 
St. erect, flexible, smooth, densely crowded, slightly branched, 
pale green. Whorls of 8—10 short branchlets each of 7 joints 
with 6 bracts at each joming. Nucules solitary with 13 strie 
and a prominent crown.—Stagnant brackish pools. Burdoch 
Pool, Falmouth, Commwall. Rev. W. L. P. Garnons. A. VIII. 
E. 
** Siem coated with twice as many tubes as there are branchlets 
in each whorl, those opposite to the branchlets bearing spines 
or tubercles, the others not. 
12. C. vulgaris (L.2); monoecious, st. scabrous finely striate 
brittle, upper part of the branchlets without external tubes, bracts 
only on the inner side of the branchlets long, two 2—4 times as 
long as the nucules, two equalling them.—E. B. 336. C. fetida 
A. Br., Atl, Fl. Par. 37.—Diffuse, usually incrusted. The 
spimose or tubercular (primary) cortical tubes less prominent than 
the secondary oues, collapsing when dry so as to place the spines 
in fwrows. Branchlets seeming of one joint. Nucules with 13 
strie and a short crown, with the globule. Ditches and streams. 
A. VIL—VIII. 
13. C. hispida (L.); moncecious, st. thickened upwards spirally 
sulcate rough brittle with setaceous spies, branchlets elongate, 
bracts whorled (inner ones longer), nuceules ovate shorter than the 
bracts solitary with a globule—E. B. 436. Atl. Fl. Par. 38 B. 
—Opaque, greenish white, usually incrusted. St. covered with 
minute tubercles; spines very many, sometimes few, upon the 
