32 PROFITABLE BEE-KEEPING 
_ the feeders had better be of the ‘‘ Universal ”’ 
or graduated type, while the extractor should be 
of a size suitable to the number of colonies it is 
proposed to keep. A small extractor, costing 
perhaps 15/-, would be quite large enough for 
an apiary of half a dozen hives, but for a large 
apiary. a large machine such as the ‘‘ Cowan ”’ 
should be acquired. This fine extractor takes four 
combs at once, and honey can be thrown out by 
the cwt. In buying queen-cages the pipe-cover 
variety will be found to be the most generally 
‘useful. They cost 6d. each, and if two are ob- 
tained it will be ample for a small apiary. 
In buying frames, whether standard or shallow, 
the kind is largely a matter of individual choice. 
They are all alike in size, but differ somewhat in 
construction, which is not: a vital point at all. 
If the buyer has not any particular preference, he 
may be recommended to get the ordinary dove- 
tailed frame with a saw-cut in the top bar, which, 
in the writer’s case, fulfils all requirements very 
satisfactorily. 
The other items mentioned will be described 
and commented upon in the chapters devoted to 
their use, as in that way the reader will be better 
in a position to understand their workings. 
