HIVES AND APPLIANCES '29 
énds, and on these two sides there is a dead air 
space. The supers for extracting purposes are 
precisely similar to the body-box in construc- 
tion, but shallower, and there is a lift for the 
quilts, the roof being either sloping or span. The 
floor-board has a sunk entrance at times, while 
at others the entrance is taken out of the bottom 
edge of the body-box. When sections are worked 
on this type of hive extra lifts are needed to 
accommodate the section racks. These are gener- 
ally of the form known as the ‘T.”’ super, and 
contain twenty-one sections each. 
Both single- and double-walled hives as now 
made are variable as regards outside measure- 
ments and in minor details, but in one respect 
they are standardized, and that is in respect to 
the size of the frames. The number of frames in 
a hive is ten usually, and it may be nine or 
eleven, but they will be of the outside measure- 
ments of the British standard frame. This frame 
is 14 inches by 84 inches outside measurement, 
with a 17-inch top bar. This bar should be ? 
thick by % wide, the side bars } inch thick, and 
the bottom bar 4, These thicknesses are deviated 
from by various makers, but the outer measure- 
ments are inviolable. For supering purposes what 
is known as a shallow frame is used. This is 
identically the same as the standard frame except 
as regards depth; it is 54 inches deep only. 
With regard to working qualities both these 
types of hives are admirable, and there is practi- 
