48 THE SUGAR INDUSTRY. . 
ing an immense amount of information about the industry and its growth. 
THE RESULTS AT CHINO FOR ITS FIRST FIVE YEARS. 
1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 
Acres of beets grown, 1,800 3,488 4,191 4,778 7,528 
Tons of beets produced, 13,080 26,266 49,353 43,773 83,035 
Average yield of beets per acre, tons, 7.26 7.50 11.7 9.16 11.03 
Per cent of sugar in beets, 13 14 14 15 15 
*Crude sugar per acre, lbs, 1,888 2,100 3,276 2,748 3,309 
*Pure sugar per acre (80%), 1,510 1,680 2,621 2,198 2,670 
Began making sugar, Aug 20 July 13 July 31 Aug 2 July 9 
Finished making sugar, Oct 31 Oct 11 Novd Oct 24 Nov 14 
Days in operation, 73 91 97 85 129 
Average weight of beets worked daily, tons, 179 288 509 526 644 
Average weight of sugar made daily, lbs, 28,108 86,852 15,592 111,431 161,129 
Total weight of sugar made, tons, 1,026 3,952 7,532 4,736 10,393 
Average paid farmers per ton beets, $3.90 4.26 4,26 4.66 4.35 
Average return per acre, $28.37 31.95 49.84 42.69 47.98 
*Estimates or data figured by the author, the other facts being all furnished from the company’s 
books. The ton is of 2000 ]lbs. Granulated sugar only was made in ’91, raw sugar only in ’92 and ’93, 
while the product of ’94 was all the best grade of refined white granulated sugar except 1009 tons 
(2,017,363 lbs) of raw sugar, and in ’95 only 51 tons (102,286 lbs) of raws. 
Among the most successful beet growers for this factory are the brotuers Gustaf- 
sen, who averaged 15 to 20 tons per acre. The Dethlefsen brothers averaged 20 tons per 
acre on 250 acres in the comparatively poor season of 1896, and will double their area 
in 1897. They give their crop close personal attention, and {no detail that will con- 
tribute to success is omitted. They have fully determined that there is a certain 
profit in intelligent beet culture, and well they may, for their net profits above all 
expenses and good pay for their own time and ability, have averaged over $30 per 
acre. 
To protect their interests at the factory, planters have a strong union, which 
chooses its own chemist, weigher and tare man to keep tab on the beets as delivered, 
to see that full weight is credited on each lot, and that the deduction for tare is not 
too large, while the chemist’s duplicate analyses are a check on the factory tests. At 
the annual meeting in December, 1896, of the Chino beet growers’ union, numbering 
106 farmers, it was reported that 48,139 tons beets were harvested and marketed. 
The average price per ton was $3.78, representing a total of about $180,000 paid for 
this season’s beets. The average sugar content was placed at 14 per cent. In addi- 
tion to the present membership, there are nearly 100 farmers who makea business of 
growing beets, and it is hoped these may also be brought into the union, in order to 
secure the best possible administration of the business affairs of growers. At the 
beginning of the season an assessment of 4c per ton was levied on all Chino beets to 
defray factory and office expenses of the union, including tare man and check chem- 
ist. The close of the season finds a surplus in the treasury which makes it possible 
to rebate 1$c per ton. Thus it cost less than 8c per ton harvested to carry on the 
business of the union. 
The Chino factory uses oil for fuel, from 75,000 to 100,000 barrels during a cam- 
paign, which comes through pipes from the oil company, 14 miles distant, although it 
is hoped to get a supply near by from oil wells on the ranch. It consumed 125,000: 
tons of limestone in 1895, its 21 artesian wells furnished nearly 4,000,000 gallons of 
