94 THE SUGAR INDUSTRY. 
affect the yield. Where weeds or insects are not to be feared, the spacing may be 
done a few days before thinning. On the other hand, if there is any reason to fear 
loss of the young plants, it is more prudent to wait a little longer before doing the 
work of spacing, and in this case thinning should 
follow spacing without any interval. If the land 
is very rich, the final plants are left as near 
together as 6, 7 or 8 inches, while in Utah, 
under irrigation, the plants are even thinned 
to 4 inches. The distance apart at which the 
beets are left depends not only upon richness 
of the soil, but upon the probabilities of its 
having sufficient moisture. In the rich moist 
land the beets can stand closer together than on 
PLANET JR. TWO-HORSE . icht ‘i: : vy} 
CULTIVATOR. dryer and lighter soils. y spacing with a 
hoe a more regular distance is secured between 
each beet, and all the weeds in the row are destroyed at the same time; the crust is 
also broken up that has been formed by the pressure of the wheel of the seeder, 
and it removes any seeds from the row that may not yet have germinated, thus avoid- 
ing, when harvest time comes, the appearance of a lot of small beets that had grown 
up from these seeds. This spacing with 
the hoe is also apt to increase tonnage and 
percentage of sugar. 
The leaves of the plant are the means 
through which it obtains most of its sugar. 
This substance is composed of carbon and 
oxygen, both of which are mainly taken in 
by the leaves, the former as carbonic acid. 
Mr Ware, in his great work on the sugar 
beet, summarizes experiments by himself net 
and others to shaw that he saccharine ANOTHER FORM OF 
content of the, beet improved with the num- CULTIVATOR. 
ber and weight of its leaves. ‘Each leaf This admirable Planet Jr. tool as a beet 
has apparently communication with a given horse hoe, has a one and three-fourths inch 
3 : cultivator tooth, two six-inch hoes, a twelve- 
portion of the beet, and supplies it with inch special, flat sweep, and a pulverizer. 
The latter is a very useful attachment, level- 
the nourishment it requires. The outer el fining the surface and killin, small 
leaf corresponds with the inner portion of 
the root; these representing the older leaves, we may conclude that they have fur- 
nished the larger portion of the saccharine elements. During the growth of the leaf, 
the root increases but comparatively little in size, and as soon as completed, the con- 
trary action takes place. Evidently, the greater the size of the leaves, the larger the 
amount of the elements they are able to abstract from the surrounding air, and the 
total weight of the leaves is, up to a certain period, greater than that of the root.’’ 
The smooth and tapering shape of the root desired depends mainly upon the soils 
where it grows and the preparation the soil has received. The variety of seed used 
has of course some influence on shape of root, but the most desirable seed for this 
