FEEDING FOR MILK 75 



must be free of all solid objects, even stones, and water containing 

 over 100 germs to the cubic centimeter is unfit for dairy purposes. 



Sedgewick states that if more than 100 germs to the c. c. are 

 present in water it should be regarded as suspicious; and if there 

 are over 500 to the c. c. water should be considered polluted. Wells 

 should not be nearer than 50 feet to any source of infection, and 

 should be walled, surrounded by a coping and covered. Suspected 

 water should be boiled. 



If springs are employed, these should also be walled about and 

 covered, with a pipe leading the water for use from the spring. No 

 open water supply is permissible. So steps leading down into a 

 spring may contaminate the water by the feet or drainage from the 

 surface. Cisterns may be used. They should be divided by a porous 

 brick wall so that the water will filter through into the half from 

 which the supply is to be pumped. An arrangement preventing the 

 water first flowing from a roof in a rain from entering the cistern 

 should be made. 



The kind of food and manner of feeding cows has an influence 

 upon milk which is of much importance, especially when the milk is 

 to be used by infants. 



Many chemical substances in the food are eliminated — either 

 changed or unchanged — in the milk, and may impart to it an 

 unnatural odor, taste or appearance, and may render it unfit for 

 food. A sudden change from dry fodder to grass, or any other 

 green food in considerable amount, is apt to give rise to milk which 

 will cause digestive troubles in babies. 



Fresh corn fodder in considerable quantity, when fed to cows, 

 will often render the milk harmful to infants. While roots and 

 ensilage are commonly said to produce a milk which will disagree 

 with infants, yet I believe these are harmless when fed in moderate 

 quantities and after milking. 



Silage should not be given in a greater amount than twenty 

 pounds daily, and not more than two pounds of oil meal should be 



