9 o 



CLEAN MILK 



to prevent rain and snow from entering. The diameter of the in- 

 takes should be a little larger than the outlets. They are placed 

 under ground so that the air is of more even temperature and 

 warmed somewhat in winter and is not forced in by wind currents- 

 but just replaces that escaping by the chimney. This should be 

 straight and in the top of the roof and contain a damper, F. En- 

 closing the damper air ceases to enter or escape from the ventila- 

 ting system. This may be done when there are very few cows in 

 the barn or in extremely cold weather. The chimney may be made 



*.^.., 



~A~ 



Sketch D — Showing the Rutherford System of Ventilation. (Hoard's Dairyman.) 



of a metal pipe surrounded with sawdust and enclosed in a wooden 

 box, to prevent moisture forming on the pipe. The diameter of the 

 Chimney pipe should be about 2 ft. for 20 cows. In warm climates 

 there is no need for any method of stable ventilation other than 

 open windows and doors. 



Cow Stalls 



It is generally considered of advantage to be rid of stanchions 

 and tie-ups of all kinds, and confine the cow in a stall giving entire 



