220 CLEAN MILK 



the average, and have all other characteristics of pure, wholesome 

 milk. 



In order that dealers who incur the expense and take the precau- 

 tions necessary to furnish a truly clean and wholesome milk may have 

 some suitable means of bringing these facts before the public, the Com- 

 mission offers them the right to use caps on their milk jars stamped 

 with the words, " Certified by the Commission of the Medical Society 

 of the County of New York." The dealers are given the right to use 

 these certificates when their milk is obtained under the conditions 

 required by the Commission and conforms to its standards. 



The required conditions are as follows : 



I. — The Barnyard. 



The barnyard should be free from manure and well drained, so that 

 it may not harbor stagnant water. The manure which collects each 

 day should not be piled close to the barn, but should be taken several 

 hundred feet away. If these rules are observed not only will the barn- 

 yard be free from objectionable smell, which is always an injury to the 

 milk, but the number of flies in summer will be considerably diminished. 

 These flies in themselves are an element of danger, for they are fond of 

 both filth and milk, and are liable to get into the milk after having 

 soiled their bodies and legs in recently visited filth, thus carrying it into 

 the milk. Flies also irritate cows, and by making them nervous reduce 

 the amount of their milk. 



2. — The Stable. 



In the stable the principles of cleanliness must be strictly observed. 

 The room in which the cows are milked should have no storage loft 

 above it ; where this is not feasible, the floor of the loft should be tigrht. 

 to prevent the sifting of dust into the stable beneath. The stables 

 should be well ventilated, lighted, and drained, and should have tight 

 floors, preferably of cement. They should be whitewashed inside at 

 least twice a year, and the air should always be fresh and without bad 

 odor. A sufficient number of lanterns should be provided to enable the 



