33 6 CLEAN MILK 



reason for the effective destruction of disease germs is due to the long, 

 ■period of heating (two hours). 



Concentrated milk is of small bulk and may therefore be trans- 

 ported cheaply. It must, however, be kept at 50 F., and even at 

 this point germs may become abundant after a few days. Thus, 

 Conn states, after six days concentrated milk may contain a number 

 approaching 500,000 bacteria to the cubic centimeter — even though it 

 be kept cool. These bacteria are harmless and the milk is not soured. 



Concentrated milk, when properly diluted (1 to 3),- will cost the 

 consumer just about what ordinary fresh milk does. 



It is, nevertheless, extremely doubtful whether concentrated milk 

 will supersede fresh, clean milk, although it is a great improvement 

 over dirty milk. My reason for this assumption is that milk is taken 

 largely in the household for its cream, for use on the table and 

 for infant feeding. 



All handling of milk disturbs and lessens to some extent the 

 complete rising of cream. When milk is simply cooled and bottled at 

 the farm, the cream has already completely separated when it reaches 

 the consumer's house (in most cases), and may be immediately re- 

 moved for use. This statement cannot be applied to concentrated- 

 milk. 



Milking Machines. 



The milking machine, together with the single service paper milk 

 bottle, bid fair to practically revolutionize the methods of producing 

 clean milk. 



If these two inventions prove as valuable as they promise, the 

 whole question of clean milk production will be solved. The milk 

 will be obtained nearly sterile and be immediately cooled and run into 

 sterile bottles. The status of the milking machine seems still a matter 

 of some uncertainty with every indication of a successful future. The 

 machine we will describe appears to be one of the most efficient 

 and has been in operation for some years. At present it is being used 

 by the leaders in the dairy industry, as by the "Walker-Gordon people. 



The Burrell-Lawrence-Kennedy Cow Milker comprises the 

 following : 



