MILKING MACHINES 339 



adulteration with this preservative. Stocking found no trace of 

 formalin, however, in milk obtained from milking machines thus 

 treated. From the viewpoint of this book the chief benefit of milking 

 machines is the lowering of the germ-content of milk made possible 

 by them. But this result has been by no means always secured and 

 •can not be unless the greatest care is given to the cleansing of all the 

 parts. 



As a labor-saver the device enables one man to do four men's 

 work. One man can operate three or four milkers at once, each milk- 

 ing two cows at the same time, which means that he can milk thirty 

 to forty cows an hour. With hand-milking this number of cows 

 would require the work of four men for one hour. 



Moreover, the results are much more uniform, and daily variations 

 in milk-yield, depending on the personality of the milker, are 

 eliminated. 



The difficulties in keeping milkers and the disastrous results from 

 frequent change of milkers are also removed by the machine. 



Cost. — The expensive parts of the milking machine are the 

 milkers and the vacuum pump, each of these costing $75 apiece. This 

 pump is capable of operating five milkers. The entire cost of the 

 installation, power and milking machines is estimated by the sellers 

 to amount to about $12.00 per cow for a herd of forty cows, and $8.50 

 per cow for a herd of seventy-five.* 



With accumulating experience, the results obtained by the use of 

 the Burrell-I/awrence-Kennedy milking machine appear to be gener- 

 ally favorable. 



The more common doubts as to the amenability of cows to the 

 milking machine, and the danger of drying up cows from incomplete 

 •emptying of the udder, have been dispelled. Cows hitherto unruly to 

 hand milking, and heifers never milked before, have taken most 

 kindly to the machine, and, on the whole, cows like machine milking 

 better than hand milking. 



Experiments appear to show that the milk yield is about the same 

 ' in hand milking and machine milking, providing that the teat cups 



* For details consult D. H. Burrell & Co., Little Falls, N. Y., and Brock- 

 ville, Ont. 



