A HISTORY OF HERTFORDSHIRE 



of Hitchin and its appurtenances was £ 106, whilst 

 the sokes belonging to the manor were worth £40. 66 

 The services known as * avera ' and ' inward,' rendered 

 Dy some of these manors, as due from the sokemen of 

 the king, point to Hitchin's having been once ancient 

 demesne. 67 The sen-ices, which were carrying services 

 performed with a horse and cart, are distinctive of 

 the two counties of Hertford and Cambridge, and in 

 Hertfordshire the inward (inguard) is peculiar to 

 Hitchin and its sub-manors. 6S Extents of the manor 

 in the 13th and 14th centuries mention the services 

 as owed by the customary tenants of the manor. S9 



According to the legend of the foundation of 

 Waltham Abbey, as related in the I zth-century tract 

 'De Inventionc sanctae Crucis,' Hitchin, or a part 

 of Hitchin, 70 was held with Waltham, co. Essex, in 

 the time of Canute by Tovi ' Pruda,' staller to 

 Canute, a man of great importance, ranking second 

 only to the king. He is said to have granted both 

 Waltham and Hitchin to the church he founded at 

 Waltham for the reception of the Holy Cross. 71 After 

 the death of Tovi, however, his son Adelst.in, who 

 succeeded to the lands his father held as staller, for- 

 feited these possessions, which were granted by King 

 Edward the Confessor to Earl Harold. 72 A grant of 

 Waltham was made by Harold to his new foundation 

 there, and confirmed by Edward the Confessor. 73 The 

 charter of confirmation mentions Hitchin as also in 

 of the abbey, but whether it was given 

 he same time as Waltham is not clear. 74 

 .■er, of any connexion with 

 id. It is certain from the 

 Earl Harold had held the 

 vas in the hands of William 



th. 



possess 1 

 by Harold at the same 1 

 No further trace, how 

 the abbey has been fo 

 Domesday Survey that 

 manor, but in 1086 it was in 

 the Conqueror. 



In the 1 jth century it was 

 of the hundred that Hitchin 

 was granted by William Rufus 

 to Bernard dc Baliol." Noth- 

 ing, however, is known of 

 this Bernard before the reign 

 of Stephen, and it seems more 

 likely that the grant, if made 

 by William II, was to Guy 

 de Baliol, the founder of the 

 English house, who is said 

 to have received lands from 

 William. 76 Bernard dc Baliol 

 was certainly holding before 

 1 1 53." The Bernard de 

 Baliol, one of the northern ba 



« r.C.H. Him. i, 304.A. 



■» V.C.H. Hern, i, 269, 171, 273. 



■ Cal. Dot. vf Scotland, i, 2514 j Ei 

 Proc bdle. 144, no. 133; Chan. I 

 p.m. ( Ric. II, no. 30. 



10 It is suggested by Mr. Seebo 

 thai ' Hicche, 1 owned by Tot!, is th 

 hides which in 1086 belonged to 

 'monasteriunT of the vill, and wt 

 formed the Rectory Manor (q.v.). 



71 Cott. MS. Jul. D. vi. 



71 Ibid. 



" Remote, CiJ, Dipt, decaiii. 



e Huy.hr, Sayal Maior of Nile 



deposed by the jurors 



siege of Alnwick and took William the Lion prisoner, 

 was apparently his son.' 8 The younger Bernard wa» 

 succeeded by his son Eustace, and Eustace by Hugh, 

 his son. 78 Hugh de Baliol mortgaged the manor to 

 Benedict, a Jew of London, about 1204. M It 

 descended to his son John de Baliol, who died in 

 iz68, fll after which his widow Devorgilda held it in 

 dower. 83 His two elder sons Hugh and Alexander 

 died without issue before 1278, and a younger son 

 John then succeeded to the lands. 8 * This John was 

 crowned King of Scotland in 1292. He lost the 

 kingdom in 1296, and his lands were forfeited. 



The manor of Hitchin was shortly afterwards 

 granted by Edward I to Roger P Estrange, formerly 

 justice of the forest for the south of Trent, for the 

 term of his life.* 4 In 1 306 the reversion of the manor 

 was granted to John of Britanny, the king's nephew, 

 together with the other Baliol lands, 85 but two yean 

 later the reversion was granted 

 to Robert Kendale while John 

 of Britanny was still living. w 

 Robert Kendale, who was 

 Constable of Dover Castle 

 and Warden of the Cinque 

 Ports, 87 held the manor with 

 his wife Margaret until his 

 1 I330. 88 His son 



:ceeded to the pro- 



the death of his 



I3+7. 80 Edward Kend«le. Argent* 



lied in January W i*r* and a label 

 and was succeeded &"'"• 

 by his eldest son Edward, who, 

 however, only survived his father by about two years, 

 dying in July 1375. 01 Elizabeth his mother and 

 Thomas his brother and heir both died in the follow- 

 ing September. 02 Elizabeth widow of Edward, who 

 married Thomas Barre, received dower in one third 

 of two thirds of the manor. 83 Beatrice wife of 

 Robert Turk was her brother's heir, 94 but could 

 not inherit Hitchin, as it was held in tail-male. The 

 two thirds of the property therefore reverted to 

 nd were granted to Alice Perrers, the 



death 

 Edward s 

 perty on 



1372- 



;, for he 

 of the Go 



under 



the manor was grante. 



In 1382 he further 



payment in compensal 



Elizabeth widow of Edward Kendal. 



death of Hugh de Segrave the manor 



1387 to Edmund Duke of York, 89 an 



She forfeited in 1377 



.d Parliament, 86 and in 1380 



a Hugh de Segrave for life. 87 



eived a grant of an annual 



for the third still held by 



After the 

 nted ii 



: Nat. B 



s Aisii 



r ' Ibid. 



S» See Pipe R. 6 John, m. 3 d. See 

 also for Hugh Feet of F. Herts. 6 

 Hen. Ill ; Red Bk. of Exch. (Rolls Ser.), 

 499, 505. 



L1 See Testa de Nevilt (Rec Com.), 

 266, 280, 28 [ $ Chan. Inq. p.m. 53 

 Hen. Ill, no. 43. 



^ Hani, R. (Rec. Com.), i, 1 94 ; Eich. 

 Proc. bdle. i +4j no. 133. 



*" G.E.C. Parage, ,.y. Balliol } Fine R. 

 7 Edw. I, no. 14. 



" Eich. K.R. Extents, Hern. 396 ; 

 Feud.Aidt, - 



63 See ibid. 19 Edw. Ill (2nd not.), 

 no. 41 ; 21 Eiw. Ill, p(. i, do. 19; 

 Ab-brrv. Rot. Orig. (Rec. Com.), ii, .87 ; 

 Feud. A:di, ii, 437. 



80 Chan. Inq. p.m. 47 Edw. Ill (ill 

 not.}, no. 20 ; Inq. a.q.d. file 340, no. 4. 



' Jl Chan. Inq. p.m. 49 Edw. Ill, pU i. 



3 Ibid. 



19 Ibid. 



■■75- 



■ 3*3, ■ 



r. Bi H . 



" See charier, Dugdale, Man. 

 This charter is witnessed by Eui 

 of King Stephen, who died in 11 



« Cal. Pa,. 

 ' Ibid. 



* Ibid. 



This *■« 

 le fact that the elder Elizabeth out- 

 r son Edwurd, who consequently 

 eld more than two-thirds of the 

 the other third being hi) mother's 

 49 Edw. Ill, no. 75 . 



II, t 



[301-7, p. 470. 

 *l 7-'h PP- 79. 



30. 



33. 



"Pari. R. ii 

 ■ 7 C«/./W.tj 77 -|,, p . 1 o 4 . 

 'Moid. 1,81-5, p- 156. 

 * Ibid. 1 58;— 9, p. 192; C 

 l Ric. II, m. 11. no. g. 



