HERTFORD HUNDRED 



right and left. That to the left leads to Burnham 

 Green (in Datchworth), while the right-hand road 

 leads past Tewin Hill to Queenhoo Hall, the residence 

 of Sir Clement Lloyd Hill, K.C.B., K.C.M.G., M.P , 

 in the north-east of the parish. 



To the south of the village at Archer's Green the 

 river is fordable. Further east a new bridge has 

 lately replaced the old wooden one which carried 

 the path leading to Marden Hill, now the residence 

 of Sir Henry J. Lowndes Graham, M.A., K.C.B., 

 and Lady Margaret Graham. 



A road also turns south from the main road to 

 Attimore Hall, in the south-west of the parish. 

 Tewinbury, a farm-house rebuilt of brick in the first 

 half of the 19th century, lies a short distance south 

 of the church. Tewin Water, lying further to the 

 west and surrounded by a park, is the residence of 

 Mr. Otto Beit. 



The subsoil of the parish is chiefly chalk, with a 

 little London Clay and Woolwich and Reading Beds 

 in the north. There are many disused chalk-pits in 

 the parish and an old sand-pit not far from the 



The nearest railway station is Welwyn, 2 miles 

 north-west, on the Great Northern main line. 



Place-names which occur in Tewin are Muspratts, 

 Westlie Wood, Post Lane, Gore Croft, Wadling, 

 Swannell Grove, Punchehed Coppyes, Phipkins Mare, 

 Bushylees, Rayfield and the Bratches. 



In the time of King Edward the 

 MANORS Confessor TEWIN was held by Aldene, 

 a thegn of the king. After the Conquest, 

 according to the statement of Aldene himself, King 

 William regranted the manor to him and his mother 

 ' for the soul of his son Richard.' * This was William's 

 second son, ' who was cut off in the New Forest by 

 a sudden and mysterious stroke while the wearied 

 stag was fleeing for its life before him." Peter de 

 Valognes the sheriff", however, maintained in 1086 

 that he held the manor of the gift of the king, and 

 Aldene is recorded as holding it of him. It was then 

 assessed at 5 \ hides.' 



The overlordship of Tewin descended in the 

 Valognes family, and, being apportioned about I 240 

 to the youngest of the co-heirs Isabel Comyn, followed 

 the descent of the manor of Sacombe in Broadwater 

 Hundred 5 (q.v.). 



By 1166 the lands of Aldene had become divided 

 into two half-fees held respectively by Godfrey and 

 Brian de Tewin. 6 Godfrey de Tewin's half-fee, 

 which seems to be the manor of Tewin, descended 

 to his son Richard before 121 1, 7 and to Godfrey de 

 Tewin, son of Richard, 8 by 1246.' This Godfrey de 

 Tewin granted his lands or a part of them to Alexan- 

 der de Swereford, baron of the Exchequer and treasurer 

 of St. Paul's, apparently that he might grant them to 



TEWIN 



the Prior and convent of St. Bartholomew, Smithfield. 

 Godfrey confirmed them to the prior upon the death 

 of Alexander, 1 " and died leaving two sons, John, who 

 was mesne lord of the manor in 1 279 " and left a widow- 

 Amabel, and Guy, to whom the lands held by Amabel 

 in dower reverted at her death." This mesne over- 

 lordship seems to have died out on the death of Guy, 

 for in 1303 the half-fee was held immediately of 

 John Comyn by John Godefrei, Prior of St. Bartho- 

 lomew, Roger de Louth, John de la Penne, and John 

 the chaplain {Capcllamti).™ In 1 347 the portion of 

 Roger de Louth was conveyed to the prior by Richard 



long survive, for in 1544 it was gran 

 John Cock of Broxbourne. 18 John, hoi 

 same year conveyed Tewin to 

 his brother-in-law Thomas 

 Wrothe and Mary his wife.' 3 

 Sir Thomas Wrothe died in 

 1572-3, leaving the manor to 

 his widow Mary for life, with 

 successive remainders to his son 

 Robert and his younger sons. 

 Robert died in 1 606, having 

 settled Tewin upon his son 

 Robert upon his marriage with 

 Mary daughter of Robert Lord 

 Sydney of Penshurst." 1 Robert 

 the younger was succeeded 

 before 1617 by John Wrothe, 1 ' 



who sold the manor in 1620 to Beckingham Butler." 

 The latter mortgaged the capital messuage in 1622 

 to John Manyngham, who died in the same year, 

 leaving a son Richard. 83 The Butlers are said to 

 have conveyed the manor soon after to Richard Hale, 

 who sold it to William second Earl of Salisbury." 

 From the latter it descended to his younger son 

 William, who was holding it with his son Robert in 

 i687. K Robert's son William 55 sold Tewin to 

 James Fleet, who was in possession in 1728" and 

 died in 1733.* 9 He left the manor and capital 

 messuage of Tewin Water, which he had 'repaired 

 and beautyfyed' (after the death of his wife), to his 

 great-nephew John Bull, with remainder to his 

 brothers." In 1746 the manor was held by Edmund 

 Bull, 30 presumably one of these brothers. Later the 

 reversion of the manor was sold to George third Earl 

 Cowper, 31 in whose family it has since remained," 

 Katrine Cecilia Countess Cowper, widow of the seventh 

 earl, being the present lady of the manor. 



