A HISTORY OF HERTFORDSHIRE 



The e two latter grants probably did not 

 lordship,* 4 The grant to Roger seems t< 

 for life only, for in 1 1 54-5 Henry de Essex, the 

 sheriff, was accounting for the manor of Bayford S5 as 

 well as for the farm of the borough of Hertford. ie 

 The terms 'manor,' 'borough' and ' vill ' are used 

 interchangeably at this date when the whole of the 

 lordship is meant. 5 ' 



In 1 249 Henry III granted the vill of Hertford to 

 William de Valence for life. 5 * On the death of 

 William in May 1296 the vill 

 reverted to the king. 5 * He 



farmers, 60 who were continued 

 until Edward I gave it to 

 Queen Margaret. 61 The queen 

 transferred it to Aymer de 

 Valence, who obtained a royal 

 confirmation in 1 309 and in 

 1317 a grant of Hertford in 

 fee. a * His widow surrendered 



nclude the later to Henry '1 queen, Margaret." Edward IV 



have been granted them to Queen Elizabeth Woodville," who 



Essex, the held her first court at Michaelmas 1+65. 7 * In 1553 



rd VI granted the manor and castle of Hertford 



w \y 



Prince Charles 

 a nor in October 



all clai 



toQui 



to it. 63 The vil 

 (Vere assigned at 

 1 Isabel 



Burtlly 



ofm, 



of 



," and after her fall she received a 

 re-grant. es In I 360 Edward III granted Hertford to 

 John of Gaunt, then Earl of Richmond, 66 a gift which 

 was confirmed by Edward III in 1376 s7 and by 

 Richard II in 1377. M The minor and vill descended 



vith the duchy of Lancaster 1 



t IV, and after his death 



by Queen Jo; 



e granted to the dowager Qu 



* See B.wford. 



M Red Bk. of Exih. (Roth Ser,), t 



47 Cf. ibid. 7-4 ; Pipe R. 8 Hen 

 I.Y. Herts, (accnunt of Falkcs de Bre 



*CaI.Pa,. H47-5S, P. 4-6; « 

 Cat. Cijri. R. 1116-57, P- 35' i ' 



into the hands of 

 vere held in dower 



of Henry VI they 

 :en Katherine, 71 and 



m;»c. 



R. ,2;. 



*■ Duchy of 

 foL 56 d. 



" Abbrrv. Rat. Grig. (Ret. Coi 

 ■ 01; tod, ft,. 1192-1301, p. 

 Abbrrv. Rot. Orig. (R cc . Com.), i, 



61 Duchy of Lane. Miit Bki 

 fol. 58. 



** Col. Pat. ijo7-ij,p. 153 ; ill 

 p. 47; Cal. Inq. p.rr.. re— 20 Ed* 

 ;iS. 



" Col. Chit, 1317-36, p. 109. 



* Ibid. 1330-4, p. i 

 w Mite Erch. bd|, 



Voucher, fol. 128, no. 



* Duchy of Lane. Royal Chai 

 « Col. Pot. 1377-81, p. 26. 

 "• Duchy of Lane. Mini. Ac 



(3, no. IOOO ; 42, no. 82;. 



: " Duchy of Lane. Mite. ] 

 !oL 26 d. 



"Pari. R. iv, lS 7 t. 



'•Pari. R. v, 6280. 



'■ Cl R. (Gen. Ser.), portf. 



37- 

 '' Duchy of Lane. Miic. Bki. 



to Princess Mary for her life 

 received a grant of the castle an 

 1609™; and after his acces- 

 sion he granted them in 1630 

 to William Earl of Salisbury, 77 

 whose successors have since 

 held the manor. 78 



These grants of the manor 

 include the king's rights over 

 the borough. An extent of the 

 manor taken in 1331 begins 

 with 'the castle of Hertford 

 and the borough there held of 

 the king in chief.' 79 The 

 profits include the fishery 

 belonging to the borough, the 

 Jluctus aqudt from Hertford to 

 Waltham, the meadows called 

 King's Meads, the two water- 

 mills, the rent called hawgavel 



(see above), the custom called 'alctol,' the profits of 

 the market and the tolls at Ware, Thele and Hat- 

 field, the fairs and the court leet. so The 'issues of 

 the manor ' are first distinguished about the middle 

 of the 1 5th century, 81 probably for convenience in 

 accounting. The grant to the Earl of Salisbury 

 included the fishery of the demesne water of Hertford, 

 the meadow called Castle Mead, ten osier beds in 

 the river and the tolls appurtenant to the castle and 

 honour." 2 The water-mills (which were then held 

 on lease) were excepted, "^ also the tolls of the market 



R. Hil. 7 Anne, rot. 1 1 J ; Eaat. 9 Ceo. II, 



.. j, Gt, 



"Duchy of Lan 

 1 Duchy of L; 

 I, no. 12043 ; 



lely (.on, 

 ant. Miw. I 

 '<>>, fol. 91 



76 Pat. 7 J". I, PL 



"'" Hertf. Corp. Pa. 



6 Chaa. I, pL j. 



. MS. 6708, fol. 4i Aug. Off. 

 of, file 42, 00. 161 ; Reccr,. 



502 



the Chattel) Mill*, li 

 they ire described ai gran 

 park was alto Jested icpjr 

 .S'. P. Dom. 1603-10, p. 1 



op. eit. ji). 



jiighi 



<1, DO. I01O. 

 I, pi. «, DO. >. 



ei* often I cued ttft- 

 nunor (ice Duchy of 

 i.i., foL 39 [pt. iii] j 



1, foL 17;, 174 d., 171, 

 60, Sec). Id the fin! 



116) the milk are tailed 



I C6j4} 

 ].. The 



