118 FAMILIAR GARDEN FLOWERS. 



than any into the human heart. There are probably only 

 two species of lilium common to the Holy Land; at all 

 events only two are mentioned in Dr. Tristram's " Sprvey 

 of Western Palestine." These are Lilium candidum, seen 

 wild on Lebanon, and L. chalcedonicum, marked as not 

 seen, though known to be in the country. 



This lily is known in gardens as the scarlet martagon. 

 ' It is, however, quite distinct from Lilium martagon, which 

 is commonly called the Turk's cap. The last is one of 

 the commonest lilies, but a good border flower for all that, 

 and one that has many forms, as, for example, the pure 

 white and the Dalmatic, the colour of which is blackish- 

 purple. The common variety is of a dull purple colour, by 

 no means attractive, nevertheless pleasing and useful. 



The scarlet martagon is not common, although easy to 

 cultivate and resplendent in its beauty. In the later days 

 of July it presents a liberal head of turban-shaped flowers 

 of the most brilliant sealing-wax red colour. It is quite > 

 hardy, and thrives in any good soil, but is not happy in a 

 Calcareous soil nor in one that is of a poor dry nature. 



How far east this lily extends we do not know. It is 

 probably scattered through the temperate parts of Southern 

 Asia, for we meet with one very much like it in Japan, the 

 book name of which is L. callosum, less in growth than 

 chalcedonicum, but serving fairly well as a small copy of 

 it. Another nearly related kind is L. camiolicum, of which 

 there are vermilion and yellow varieties. 



For the full enjoyment of lilies a considerable extent 

 of garden is necessary, for when many kinds are planted 

 in proximity their several beauties seem to neutralise each 

 other. In isolated clumps and groups, set off by masses of 

 leafy vegetation, these distinct and striking flowers appear 



