310 BACKBONED ANIMALS. 
whales are either armed with conical teeth or plates of 
fibrous matter called whalebone. The amount of blood 
in the whale is enormous ; the aorta or great artery from 
the heart being alone one foot across, and probably at 
every pulsation of the great heart ten or fifteen gallons of 
blood are thrown out. The cetaceans range in size from 
= QS = 
FIG. 335.—White whale (Be/uga catodon), a cetacean that has been carried 
alive from America to England by steamer, covered with sea-weed and 
dashed frequently with water. 
the porpoise, three to five feet long, to the rorqual, one 
hundred and three feet in length. 
Toothed Whales (De/phinoidea).—This group in- 
cludes the dolphins, porpoises, white whales, etc. The 
common dolphin has long, extended jaws armed with from 
forty to forty-seven conical teeth, and a prominent dorsal 
ridge or fin. The porpoises,* the orca,t or killer, the 
blackfish, or round-headed grampus, the white whale, Be- 
/uga (Fig. 335), sperm-whale, and narwhal are allies. 
* A friend of the author, in attempting to capture a herd of por- 
poises, drove them into a creek, and the capture was about to commence, 
when the porpoises rushed toward the boats, several leaping completely 
over them, and thus reaching the sea. 
+ The orca also preys upon the young of the walrus, In the 
stomach of one have been found the remains of thirteen porpoises and 
fourteen seals, 
