MAMMALIA. 327 
attain a length sometimes of nine feet, a girth of twenty- 
two inches, and a weight of two hundred pounds each, 
with which they can toss a tiger thirty feet or more. There 
are no incisors in the lower jaw ; the canines are absent. 
and the molars are large, ridged transversely, and filled 
with cement or crusta petrosa, The head is extremely mas- 
sive, but not indicative of the size of the brain, the upper 
portion containing numbers of air-cells, The limbs are 
powerful and five-toed, the feet resting on broad pads. 
The Asiatic species has small ears and an oblong head, 
Fic. 353.—Asiatic elephant, showing how used by man. 
while in the African the ears are immense, the head round, 
and the forehead convex. They roam in herds. The 
young in the Indian species weigh about two hundred and 
thirteen pounds at birth, and are thirty-four and a half 
inches in height. Individuals have been known to live 
one hundred and thirty years. 
The mastodon and mammoth are extinct elephants of 
this country, Europe, and Asia. The latter was hairy, and 
