MAMMALIA. 385 
ferocious appearance. The general color of the hide is 
tawny ; the feet and paws are immense, the animal being 
adapted for leaping and overpowering the largest game. 
The females are somewhat smaller than the males, and 
have no manes. About twenty extinct species of this 
family have been found, resembling lions, tigers, etc. 
The remains of a ferocious tiger (Jfacherodus) have 
been discovered in England and other countries. It 
lived contemporaneously with man, and had serrated 
teeth, and fangs eight inches long, more like sabers than 
teeth. 
VaLUE.—Five hundred lion-skins are used annually by the trade ; 
one hundred thousand wild-cat, and over one million skins of the com- 
mon cat are made into cheap furs. 
Order 1X. Primates. General Characteristics—We 
now come to the last and highest order of mammals, 
represented by the lemurs, monkeys, and man. In the 
higher forms of apes and monkeys a vast improvement 
or advance is noticed. The body is now carried more 
erect, claws are replaced by finger-nails, the fingers are 
long and more perfectly adapted to a greater number of 
uses than in the preceding forms, and the great toe of 
the hind-feet is much enlarged and opposable to the oth- 
ers; the legs.are exserted quite free from the trunk, the 
brain is large, the ears rounded, having a distinct lobe; 
the body is hairy, the tail long or short, and the face in 
many extremely human in its detail. The primates are 
divided into two sub-orders : 1. Prosimia, comprising the 
lemurs ; and 2. Anthropoidea, including all the rest that are 
divided provisionally into five divisions or families as fol- 
lows: 1. The marmosets (Hapfalide). 2. The American 
monkeys, having three true molar teeth on each side of 
each jaw (Cebide). 3. The Old World monkeys, except 
the man-like apes (Cercopithecidz). 4. The man-like apes 
(Simitd@) ; and, 5. Man (Hominide). 
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