QUESTIONS. 371 
14. Describe the oyster, land, and king crabs. 15. What are the general 
characteristics of insects? 16. Describe the skeleton; of what is it 
composed? 17. Describe the internal organs. 18. How do insects 
breathe? 19. Describe the metamorphosis of an insect. 20. Give an 
example of an incomplete metamorphosis, 21. How does the peripa- 
tus defend itself? 22. Define the myriapoda; where are the poison- 
glands? 23. Describe the scorpions. Spiders. 24. How is the silk 
produced? 25. Define the hexapoda, and give examples. 26. Define the 
orthoptera. 27. Define the hemiptera, and give examples, 28, De- 
scribe the metamorphosis of the froth insect. 29. Mention some insects 
that are particularly valuable to man. 30. Define the coleoptera. 31. 
How does the diving-beetle cling? 32. Define the diptera, 33. De- 
scribe the metamorphosis of a fly. 34. What are the characteristics of 
the butterflies? 35. How do they differ from moths? 36. Define the 
hymenoptera. 37. How would you preserve an insect for study? 
BrancH VIII.—1. What are the general characteristics of as- 
cidians? 2. How do they breathe, eat, move? 3. Give example of 
compound ascidian. 4. Describe the salpa and appendicularia. 5. 
How are they allied to vertebrates ? 
BrancH IX.—1. Define a vertebrate? 2. Define the fishes. 3. 
Describe the parts of the skeleton. 4. How do the fins compare with 
the limbs of other forms? 5. Why are fishes cold-blooded? 6. 
What is the use of the air-bladder? 7. Describe the manner of breath- 
ing. 8. Describe the internal organs. 9. Do fishes ever leave the 
water? Give examples. 10. What is meant by interspinous bones? 
11, What is meant by a cartilaginous fish? a bony one? 12. What is 
meant by a pouched-gilled fish? 13. Describe the manner of breath- 
ing in the lung-fishes. 14. In the amphibious fishes. 
BATRACHIANS.—1I. Define the class batrachia? Give examples. 2. 
How does the skeleton differ from that of other vertebrates? 3. How 
do they breathe? 4 Describe the circulation. 5. Describe the de- 
velopment. 6, What peculiarity is there about the axolotl? 7. How 
does a siren differ from a frog ? 
REpTiLes.—1. What are the general characteristics of true rep- 
tiles? 2. In what do they resemble the birds? 3. How do they dif- 
fer from the batrachians? 4. Is the blood cold? 5. Describe the 
manner of development. .6. Describe the moulting process of snakes. 
4, Describe the color-changes of reptiles. 8. How do the teeth of 
crocodiles and snakes differ? 9. Are crocodiles found in this country ? 
Where? and what are their habits? 
Birps.—t. Define the birds. 2. How do they differ from the reptiles? 
3. What modification of the limbs is observed? 4. Describe the head, 
