AN AUSTRALIAN STUDY OF AMERICAN FORESTRY. 9 
(3.) For the purpose of preserving the living and growing timber 
and promoting the younger growth on forest reservations, 
the Secretary of the Interior, under such rules and regulations 
as he shall prescribe, may cause to be designated and 
appraised so much of the dead, matured, or large growth of 
trees found upon such forest reservations as may be compatible 
with the utilisation of the forests thereon and may sell the 
same for not less than the appraised value in such quantities 
to each purchaser as he shall prescribe, to be used in the 
State or Territory in which such timber reservation may be 
situated.” (Export permitted by Act of March 4, 1915.) 
There were several incidental clauses providing for due advertisement of 
timber sales, safeguarding the right of ingress and egress of settlers and 
miners, and enacting that the waters might be used for mining, domestic, 
milling, or irrigation purposes, subject in the last three cases to the water 
laws of the respective States governing their use and appropriation, while the 
laws of the United States of America controlled the mining. 
An Act of February 6, 1905, gave power of arrest for violation of forest 
laws. The Forest Homestead Act of June 11, 1906 (as amended August 10, 
1912)— 
“ directed and required the Secretary of Agriculture to select, classify, 
and segregate as soon as practicable all lands chiefly valuable for 
agriculture, and which, in his opinion, may be occupied for agri- 
cultural purposes without injury to the forest reserves, and which 
are not needed for public purposes ;” 
and authorised him to 
“list and describe the same by metes and bounds, or otherwise, and 
file the lists and descriptions with the Secretary of the Interior, with 
the request that the said lands be opened to entry in tracts not 
exceeding 160 acres in area.” 
An Act of May 23, 1908, provided that 25 per cent. of all money received 
from each forest reserve during any fiscal year shall be paid to the State for 
benefit of public schools and public roads. 
The Weeks Laws of March 1, 1911, authorised co-operative agreements 
of States with the United States for the protection of the watersheds of 
navigable ‘streams against fire and conserving of the forests and the water 
supply. It provided an annual appropriation not exceeding £420,000 for 
the examination, survey, and acquirement of lands located on the head- 
waters of navigable streams; appointed a National Forest Reservation 
Commission (parliamentary) to handle the matter, and authorised the Secretary 
of Agriculture to purchase lands approved by the commission and administer 
them as National Forests. 
Such are the forest laws of America. They gave the Secretary of the 
Interior (afterwards Agriculture) virtual carte blanche to establish his own 
forest policy and laws in authorising him to “ make provision for the protection 
against destruction by fire and depredations upon the public forests,” and “ to 
make such rules and regulations and establish such service as will insure the 
objects of such reservations,” namely, to regulate their occupancy and use and 
te preserve the forests thereon from destruction.” 
So wide were the powers conferred that their validity was put to the test 
in the case of United States versus Grimand et al, 220 U.S. 506—in which 
the regulations framed to coritrol grazing on the National forests. were 
contested. 
