16 AN AUSTRALIAN STUDY OF AMERICAN FORESTRY. 
“When a man hates his work, when he is dissatisfied and discontented 
in it, when his work arouses in him destructive thoughts and feelings rather 
than constructive, there is something wrong, something abnormal. He is 
trying to do work for which he is not fitted, or he is in the wrong environment, 
or under wrong management, or he is physically or mentally ill.” (Id.) 
_ Ninety per cent. of people have entered their present employment blindly 
and by chance, irrespective of their fitness or opportunities. Seventy-five 
per cent. of people are in the wrong avocations. These are the estimates of 
experts. 
“The ideal for every employee, therefore, is that he should be employed 
in that position which he is best fitted to fill, doing work which by natural 
aptitude, training and experience he is best qualified to do, and working under 
conditions of natural environment—tools, rates of pay, hours of labour, and 
periods of rest, superintendence and management, future prospects and educa- 
tion—that will develop and make useful to himself and his employer his best 
and finest latent abilities and capacities.” (Id.) 
Such are the teachings of the Emerson School of Scientific Management, 
which emphasises the idea of fitting the job to the man rather than that of the 
Taylor school of fitting the man to the job. 
Both schools have influenced the development of the United States of 
America Forest Service. The influence of the Taylor school is seen in the 
management of the Savenac Nursery; that of the Emerson school in the 
adoption by District No. 1 of the Blackford Employment Plan. 
The Blackford Employment Plan is the practical application of the prin- 
ciples above enunciated. It is a scientific vocational analysis of the employee 
and the fitting of him with his proper job and environment. 
The outline thus given will serve to explain the attached copies of forms 
used by District No. 1 of the United States Forest Service in selecting men 
for positions in its employment. 
Tt is merely another instance of its ideal of “ thoroughness.” 
The Forest Service Manual sets down that besides having suitable know- 
ledge and experience, “ officers are required to be honest, industrious, sober, 
and courteous. Efficiency is the primary quality upon which the advancement 
of each individual depends.” 
D1-P3 
(For use in all cases 
except temporary labour). 
APPLICATION—-PERSONAL RECORD—TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT, 
District No. 1. 
Permanent positions in the Forest Service are secured only through Civil Service 
examination. For detailed information concerning examinations and requirements 
address U.S. Civil Service Commission, Washington, D.C. ; 
character of work and definition of duties can be secured from 
Montana. 
Information concerning 
Forest Service, Missoula, 
