96 AN AUSTRALIAN STUDY OF AMERICAN FORESTRY. 
ALLOTMENTS. 
Arrangement. (Division of the range between cattle and sheep, grazing 
districts, and individual allotments to be shown on map. Guiding principles, 
or necessary comment in the discussion.) Te secure— 
Best division between cattle and sheep. 
Full and equal utilisation. 
Best division of types and early and late ranges. 
Best division of watering places. 
Proper silvicultural and watershed protection. 
Number and kind of stock grazed. By allotments or divisions. Number 
of permits by classes. 
SEASONS. 
To secure full utilisation of the forage without seriously interfering with 
the natural requirements of plant growth. Each portion of the range should 
occasionally, every few years, be grazed only during the last half of the 
natural growing period, in order to keep the plant constitutions strong, and 
allow some actual reseeding. So far as is consistent with this principle, the 
green tender feed should be available for the stock during as much of the 
season as is practicable. This is essential, especially for sheep. This plan 
may be considered a variation of seasons or a division of allotment. 
FEss. 
By classes of stock and season. (Tabulated.) 
‘é 
Meruops or Hanning Stock. 
Cattle.—Salting and necessary riding by permittees to secure equal 
utilisation of range, and prevent congregation along streams and water holes, 
with resulting destruction of plant growth and poor development of stock. 
Sheep— 
Size of bands. 
Herding. (Develop open quiet herding, and avoid driving back to camp.) 
Salting. (Encourage abundant use of salt, it means easier herding, less 
danger from poison and disease, and less damage to the range.) 
Other stock. (When special provisions are required.) 
Rance IMPROVEMENTS. 
(Permanent improvements in the Improvement Section.) 
Reseeding either with cultivated plants or by restricting grazing for 
natural reseeding, posting poisonous areas, changes or improvement in stock 
driveways, extermination of predatory animals, prevention of erosion by 
proper handling of stock. 
Pouicy AND ADMINISTRATION. 
General principles of policv not already covered. Protective and 
maximum limits, new owners, advisory boards, ete. 
Administration. [Extermination of predatory animals, counting stock, 
or other special phases of the work. Special force required. Costs. 
(Summary for use in obtaining total of Forest expenditures in Section VII.) 
