AUSTRALIAN RECOMMENDATIONS. 10.¢ 
60. When a considerable area of forest is clearly of great economic value 
to the State and an attempt to transform it into an agricultural country might 
result in irreparable disaster by disturbing a well-established climatic or 
economic equilibrium, it should be retained. Such an area is the Pilliga 
Forest of New South Wales. 
(2.) Forest Survey and Assessment. 
Forest assessment is an operation which must be repeated periodi- 
cally. Forest survey, however, must be undertaken once and for all. 
The two projects are inseparable at this stage, and, combined, they 
represent an undertaking of paramount importance, since it furnishes 
a foundation upon which must be erected the whole edifice of forest 
management. A comprehensive scheme of forest survey and assess- 
ment should be conceived at the start. It will give the greatest return 
in the long run. 
61. There should be a broad, but elastic, division of the two component 
parts of (1) survey: and (2) assessment; the first to be directed by the proposed 
branch of forest engineering, the second by the proposed working plans branch 
in collaboration. 
62. Forest survey should cover primary and ‘secondary control, the objects 
of which are to provide an accurate surround, and a framework of more or 
less parallel lines and profiles not over two miles apart. 
63. Primary and secondary control may be deemed to be the especial 
province of the proposed forest surveyors. 
64. Tertiary control and assessment would cover the method of strip 
survey, with the aim to clothe the secondary control framework with topo- 
graphio detail and to gather working plan data. 
65. Asesssment work, including the collection of working plan data, is a 
matter for the exclusive attention of experts acting under the direction of 
the Working Plans Branch. 
66. Small separate camps are uneconomical, and considerable advantages 
flow from a combined organisation such as that consisting of a forest surveyor 
and two assessment parties (a forest assessor and_ his assistant) working 
together. Camp transport work is reduced, and one cook suffices for all; camp 
life is made more congenial and the work is expedited generally. 
67. Secondary control lines should be blazed, and marks should be set 
up as the starting and closing points for horizontal and vertical strip surveys. 
68. A camp map should be prepared, on which should be plotted the 
surround and framework, and all existing surveys. 
69. A preliminary subdivision of the area should be worked out on the 
camp map for purposes of convenient estimating and compiling. The United 
States of America Forest Service uses the 40-acre lot as a basis. 
70. The projected strips should be laid out in pencil on the camp map. 
The distance between strips should be ten or twenty chains. Circumstances, 
however, may alter cases. 
71. A scale of 20 chains per inch and contours of 25 feet interval should 
be adopted as standards for the detailed base maps resulting from strip surveys. 
72. I recommend the use of the new Bonner Reflecting Abney level and 
trailer-tape system of tertiary control. The United States of America Forest 
Service sketching-sheet and transparent duplicate with separate tally sheet 
may also be employed with advantage. The tally man should book tallies 
instead of calling out to the assessor. Perfect synchronisation is requisite if 
speed is to be attained. 
