AND SHRUBS FOR CITIES. 179 



rican Oaks especially cannot be overpraised. Of course 

 they are not recommended here for street or boulevard 

 planting, but for parks and open spaces where the dust 

 is a little subdued and where they may have plenty of 

 root-room. 



The following species of Oak are well worthy of atten- 

 tion in our parks :— Quercus ambigua— fine foliage ; the best 

 of all the American oaks for quick growth. Q. Prinus — 

 chestnut oak. Q. rubra — champion oak. Q. cocciuea — 

 scarlet oak. Q. falcata — downy oak. Q. tinctoria — black 

 oak. Q. palustris — pine oak. Q. nigra — black jack oak. 

 Q. Catesbsei — scrub oak. Q. Phellos — willow oak. Q. im- 

 bricata— shingle oak, very distinct. Q. iEsculus— Italian oak. 



The Maples also comprise some very noble trees : — Acer 

 macrophylla — the great Columbian maple. A. lobatum 

 — Siberian maple. A. Lobelii — this kind grows erect, like 

 the Lombardy poplar, and has violet shoots and striped 

 bark. A. eriocarpum — Sir Charles Wager's maple, a fine 

 silvery appearance. A. neapolitanum — Neapolitan maple, 

 fine large foliage. A. obtusatum — Hungarian maple, very 

 distinct from the Neapolitan maple, with which it is 

 frequently confounded. A. colchicum rubrum — this kind 

 has bright red twigs in winter, and is distinct and good. 

 A. platanoides — Norway maple, very showy when in flower 

 in the spring. A. Pseudo-Platanus purpurea — purple-leaved 

 sycamore. Negundo fraxinifolia variegata — very showy. 



Of other valuable subjects not running in such closely 

 allied groups, the following will be found worthy of extensive 

 use : — Catalpa syringaefolia, makes an ornamental tree near 

 London. Laurus sassafras, Nyssa biflora and villosa — the 

 autumn tints of these are fine ; they are natives of North 

 America. Ulmus stricta, the Cornish elm ; Ulmus vimi- 

 nalis, distinct habit ; Ulmus vegeta, Chichester elm ; Ulmus 

 nigra, Irish elm, a large timber tree of rapid growth ; Ulmus 

 montana major, smooth elm ; and Ulmus americana, a very 

 distinct tree, of large size. Planera Richardi, a fine tree, 

 with a peculiarly distinct and striking mode of branching. 

 Celtis occidentalis, the nettle tree. Juglans nigra, black 

 walnut, fine foliage. Carya amara, C. alba, and sulcata, 



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