THE CORDON SYSTEM OF FRUIT GROWING. 345 



Tardive, R. de Bretagne, R. d'Espagne, Pomme d'Api, Belle 

 Dubois, Belle Josephine, Calville St. Sauveur. Doubtless 

 ere long we shall have an abundant stock of the best English 

 kinds on the right stock. As a great number of trees are 

 required for this mode of planting; as the apple on the 

 Paradise occupies but a small space in nurseries compared to 

 other trees, and as it is very likely there will before long be 

 a large trade in this form of tree, it is to be hoped that our 

 nurserymen will offer suitable kinds at a very low rate by 

 the dozen, score, or hundred, as is the case in France. I 

 have no hope of the perfect and general success of the system 

 till this is done. 



I have recently received the following on the raising 

 of the Apple on the Paradise stock in nurseries from 

 my friend M. Jean Durand, of the well-known fruit tree 

 nurseries at Bourg-la-Reine, near Paris, and have much 

 pleasure in giving it, particularly as it is desirable that our 

 nurserymen, and even in some cases private growers, should 

 raise it for themselves : — 



" If the Apple tree is to be grown in the form of the 

 horizontal cordon, it must be grafted on the variety known 

 to horticulturists as the Paradise. This variety, which 

 loves a fresh, damp, clayey soil, cannot be grown from 

 seed, but must be propagated by means of layers or cuttings, 

 which are obtained in the following manner : — Having 

 chosen soil of the proper description, it must be well dug 

 and manured. Trenches, six inches deep and a yard apart, 

 are then opened, and the stocks, which have been procured 

 previously, planted in them. They should be pruned down 

 to twelve or fourteen inches in height, and placed in the 

 trenches at a distance of four inches apart, and in such a 

 way that about six inches of the top appears above th« 

 ground. The trenches are then filled in and the ground 

 levelled. 



" In the following spring, as soon as there is no longer 

 any danger from frost, the stocks are cut down level with 

 the ground. The object of this operation is to develope 

 a number of shoots : these are earthed up about June or July 

 by covering them with a small quantity of earth taken from 



