THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE PHANEROGAMIC FRUIT. 



73 



itiation of the living plant the excavated receptacle is not the result of any 



tuai hoUowing-out process as in the lump of wax, but is due to unequal 



'owth of the different parts of the receptacle — the peripheral parts growing up 



a circular wall around the central parts, so that the form of a cup or urn 



gradually assumed. When one speaks of the excavation of the receptacle one 



speaking figuratively — there is no excavation in a literal sense. 



The configuration of the receptacle is further complicated by the fact that 



Fig. 207. — Structure of Phanerogamic Ovaries. 



Dehisced fruit of Miltonia etellata. 2 Ovary of Miltonia cut across transversely. * Ovary of Mignonette (Reseda) cut across 

 transversely. * The same ovary intact. ^ Longitudinal section of the ovary of the Jerusalem Artichoke {Helianthus 

 tuberosus). 8 Ovary of the Violet (Viola odorata). 1 The same, cut across. 8 Receptacle and carpels of Myosurus ynini- 

 mus. 5 The same in longitudinal section. ^0 Young fruit of Potato (Solanum tuberosum), u The same cut transversely. 

 All the figures considerably magnified. 



le centre of the receptacle does not always cease growing, but grows up as a 

 ishion or peg; thus we have a receptacle having the form of a conical peg 

 ith a peripheral, urn-like wall around it. 



In describing the relations of the floral-leaves to the receptacle it will be 

 mplest to commence with the conical receptacle. Here the floral-leaves are 

 lund arranged in whorls above one another or in a continuous spiral. At the 

 ip are the carpels, below these the stamens, and below these again the leaves 



