930 



INDEX. 



Aristolochia, colour and odour, ii. 197. 



— im prison men t of insects, ii. 165. 



— insect platforms, ii. 225. 



— nature of scents, ii. 199. 



— perianth, ii. 165. 



— stetD, i. 364. 



Aristolochia Clematitis, allurement of in- 

 sects, ii. 206, 222. 



flower, gynandria, ii. 292. 



food of Thais Hypermnestra, ii. 488. 



insect platform, ii. 226. 



odour, i. 431. 



pollination, ii. 244. 



venation, i. 633. 



Aristolochia Gigaa, scent, ii. 200. 



var. Sturtevantii, size and colour of 



flowers, ii. 185. 

 Aristolochia ringens, flowers, ii. 166. 



insect platform, ii. 225. 



Aristolochia Sipho, leaf-blades, i. 649. 



sinistrorse twining, i. 685. 



Aristolochiacece, ii. 599, 755. 



— American, size of flowers, ii. 185. 



— protogyuous, ii. 312. 



— South American, i. 202. 

 Aristotle, biology of plants, i. 16. 

 Armeria, pollen-grain, ii. 100. 



— stigma, ii. 281. 



Armeria alpina, autogamy, ii. 358. 



seed-dispersal, ii. 854. 



Armeria vulgaris, autogamy, ii. 358. 

 Amebia cornuta, fruit protection, ii. 442. 

 Arnica, flowers, serual conditions, ii. 296. 



— habitat, i. 112. 



— pollination, i. 740. 



Arnica montana and Campanula, colour con- 

 trast, ii. 193. 



florets and autogamy, ii. 363. 



flower-opening constant, i. 559. 



peripheial flowers, ii. 187. 



Amoserispusilla, persistentcotyledons, i. 622, 

 Aroidese, ii. 742. 



— adherent roots, i. 108. 



— adventitious roots, i. 751. 



— aerial roots, i. 365. 753; ii. 745. 



— arrangement of roots, i. 766. 



— certain, resemblance to Leucobryum and 



Sphagnum in water-absorption, i. 220. 



— coloured bracts in, ii. 183. 



— description, ii. 742. 



— development of climbing roots, i. 705. 



— epiphyllous buds. ii. 43. 



— epiphytic, aerial roots, porous covering 



and root-hairs, i. 223. 



— extrusion of water from leaves, i. 271. 



— geitonogamy in, ii. 325. 



— geographical distribution, ii. 745. 



— imprisonment of insects, &c., ii. 164. 



— inflorescence, i. 501. 



— insects and pollen, ii. 222, 244. 



— leaf perforation, i. 413. 



— leaves of, structure in relation to trans- 



piration, i. 288. 



— moncecious, protogynous, ii. 313. 



— nature of scents, ii. 199. 



— on ground of woods, i. 109. 



— on trees, i. 106. 



— origin of roots, i. 771. 



— pericarp mucilage, i. 615. 



— pollen-grain, ii. 100. 



— sheltering of pollen, ii. 108. 



— temperature within spatbe, i. 501. 

 AroUa pine. See Pinus Canbra. 



Aronia rotundifoUa, Gymuosporangium gall, 



ii. 521. 

 Aronicum glaciale, dichogamy, ii. 312. 

 Arrangements for reception of insects, ii. 



226, 227. 



— for retention of pollen, ii. 279. 

 Arrhenatherum, flowers, sexual conditions, 



ii. 297. 

 Arrow-bead. See Sarjittaria. 

 Arrowroot, source of, ii. 736. 

 Artedia squamata, seed-dispersal, ii. 853. 

 Artemisia, as host of Orobanche, i. 185. 



— hairiness, i. 317, 319. 

 Artemisia Absynthium, ii. 87. 



Artemisia Absjnithium, &c., hairs, i. 322. 

 Artemisia campestris, and gall of Cecido- 



rayia Artemisia, ii. 547. 

 Artemisia Mutellina, &c., geitonogamy, ii. 



322. 



habitat and hairiness, i. 316. 



Arthrospore, of Bacteria, Ii. 623. 

 Artichoke. See Cynara scolymus. 

 Artocarpaceae, ii. 758. 



— collective fruits in, ii. 436. 



— laticiferous tubes, i. 470. 



— pollen-grains, ii. 97. 



Artocarpus incisa, flowering and fruiting 



branch, ii. 438. 



from chalk, ii. 613. 



Artocarpus integrifolia, collective fruit, ii. 



436. 

 Arum, moncecious, ii. 297. 



— polUnation, ii. 164. 



Arum conocephaloides and Ceratopogon, ii. 

 165. 



inflorescence, ii. 164. 



Arum cordifolium, temperature within 

 spathe, i. 501. 



Arum ItaUcum, fly visitors, ii. 165. 



geographical distribution, habitat, i. 



501. 



temperature within spathe, i. 501; ii. 164. 



Arum maculatum and Psychoda phallse- 

 noides, ii. 165. 



habitat, i. 654. 



leaf of, i. 286. 



Arundinaria glaucescens, protection of sto- 

 mata from moisture, i. 294. 



Arundo, arrangement for rain-water exclu- 

 sion between haulm and leaf, i. 98. 



AoTindo Donax, dimensions, i. 714. 



reserve-buds, ii. 32. 



Asafoetida. See Scorodosvia Asa/cetida. 



A^arabacca. See Asarum Europasum. 



Asaraceae, ii. 755. 



Asarum, sestivation, ii. 210. 



— leaf, emerging from soil, i. 640. 



— pollen-deposition, ii. 279. 



— pollen-grain, ii. 100. 



— variety of scent, ii. 488. 



Asarum Oanadense, creeping stem, i. 662. 

 Asarum Europseum, creeping stem, i. 662. 



stages in blossoming, ii. 279. 



, venation, i. 633. 



winter protection, i. 5.^0. 



Ascherson, Flora der Provinz Brandenburg, 



ii. 605. 

 Asci. ii. 19. 



— of Claviceps, ii. 680. 



— of Cordyceps, ii. 679. 



— of Erysiphe, ii. 60. 



— of Morchella, ii. 683. 



— of Moulds, ii. 677. 



— of Tuber, ii. 678, 681. 

 Ascidia, i. 127. 



— alluring, &c., contrivances, i. 128. 



— as pitfalls, &c., i. 123. 

 Asclepiadacese, i. 470 ; ii. 77. 



— cleistogaray in, ii. 393. 



— corpusculum, ii. 257. 



— insect -visitors, ii. 258. 



— pollinia, &c., ii. 97, 257, 259- 



— protective sticky latex, ii. 234. 



— soft bast, i. 477. 



— viscin of pollen-grains, ii. 101. 

 Asclepias, scent, ii. 202. 



Asclepias Cornuti, cHps on insectfoot, ii. 259. 



floral mechanism, ii. 258. 



radical buds, ii. 28. 



AscoideBe, ii. 674. 

 Ascoraycetes, ii. 606. 



— asci and spore formation, ii. 18. 



— distinctive characters, ii. 676. 



— various, ii. 679, 681. 

 Ascophyllum, ii. 664. 

 Ascoaporeje, ii. 606. 



Ascospores, of Ascomycetes, ii. 19, 676, 693. 

 Ascufl, of PodosphEera, ii. 60. 



— of Xylaria, ii. 679. 



Aficus-fruit, basis of classification in Asco- 

 mycetes, ii. 676. 



Ascus-f ruit of Eurotiam, ii. 679. 



of Moulds, ii. 677. 



Asexual generation of ferns, commencement 



of. ii. 472. 

 Asexual reproduction, in Mucorini and 

 Saprolegniacese, ii. 480, 481. 



in Saprolegniaceas, ii. 484. 



Ash, essential constituents of, ii. 66. 



— of chlorophyll, i. 371. 



. - of Stratiotes aloides, NymphEea alba. 

 Chara foetida, Phragmites communis, 

 Biscutella IsBvigata, Dorycnium decum- 

 bens, i. 69. 



— of Taxus baccata, i. 70. 

 Ash. See Fraxinus excelsior. 



— mountain. See Sorbiis Aucuparia. 

 Asparagin. i. 464. 



— an amide, i. 458. 



— and respiration, i. 495. 

 AsparagineaB, switch-plants in, i. 330. 

 Asparagus, ii. 732. 



— phylloclades, i. 652. 



Asparagus acutifolius, &c., weaving habit, 

 i. 674. 



Asparagus horridus, &c., spines, i. 434. 



Asparagus officinalis, distribution of sexes, 

 u. 299. 



imperfect flowers, ii. 294. 



Aspen. See Populus tremula. 



Aspergilleas, fertilization and fruit-forma- 

 tion, ii. 60. 



Aspergillus, fermentative action, i. 508. 



— parasitism, ii. 678. 



— sporangia, &c., ii. 18, 21. 

 Aspergillus f umigatus, habitat, ii. 678. 

 Aspergillus niger. conidial hyphse, ii- 677. 

 Asperula, stipules, i. 637. 



Asperula aparine, weaving habit, i. 674. 

 Asperula arvensis, artificially induced 



drooping, ii. 123. 

 Asperula capitata, evening smell, ii. 209. 

 Asperula galioides, cuckoo-galls, ii. 545. 

 Asperula glomerata, opening of flower, iL 



212. 

 Asperula longiflora, &c., scent, ii. 200. 

 Asperula odorata, ii. 537. 



effect of clearing wood, i. 391. 



leaf and illumination, i. 286. 



mechanical tissue arrangeuient, i. 730. 



stamens, ii. 86. 



winter protection, i. 550. 



Asperula taurina, behaviour of styles, i, 



740. 



geitonogamy, ii. 325. 



sexual conditions, ii. 296. 



Asi)erula tinctoria, cuckoo-gaUs, ii. 545. 

 Asphodel, Scottish. See Tojieldia horealis. 

 Asphodeloidese, characteristics, ii. 730. 

 Asphodelus, protogynous, ii. 311. 

 Asphodelus albus, roots, i. 760. 



twisted leaves, i. 429. 



Asphodelus ramosus, at Psestum, ii. 730. 

 Aspicilia calcarea, heat resistance, i. 554. 

 Aspicilia flavida, habitat, i. 117. 

 Aspidieas, sorus and indusium, &c., ii. 706. 

 Aspidium, hybrids in, ii. 582. 

 Aspidium falcatum, apogamy, ii. 458. 

 Aspidium Filix-mas, winter buds, emergence 



from soil. i. 639. 

 Aspidium Thelypteris, necessary soil, ii. 612. 

 Aspleniese, sorus and indusium, ii. 706. 

 Asplenium, huds on fronds, ii. 39, 41. 



— hybrids in, ii. 582. 



— prothallus. ii. 11. 



AEplenium Germanicum, hybrid of A. Ruta- 

 muraria x A. septentrionale, ii. 586. 



— Ruta-muraria, sporophyte and prothal- 



lium, ii. 472. 

 Asses, wild, and Melocactus, i. 447. 

 Assimilation and respiration, i. 492-495. 



— theory of, i. 456. 



Aster, and ancient crossing, ii. 555. 



— autogamy, ii. 359. 



— Blue. See Aster Amellus. 



— colour-contrast in capitulum, ii. 191. 



— flowers, sexual conditions, ii. 296. 



— geitonogamy, ii. 321. 



