936 



INDEX. 



Carex stricta, social form, ii. 748. 

 Carex vulgaris, seedlings, i. 607. 

 Carica Papaya, enzyme, i. 465. 

 Carinthe minor, pollen-grains, ii. 97 

 Carliiia, spiny leaves, i. 438. 

 Cailina acaulis, authocyanin, i. 522. 



as hygrometer and weather-glass, ii. 



117. 



coloured bract, ii. 183. 



opening and closing, ii. 116. 



pollen -grains, ii. 99. 



protection of pollen, ii. 115, 117. 



temperature within capitulum, i. 501. 



Carmichelia australis, cladodes, i. 335. 



Carniola, flora of, i. 6. 



Carnivorous plants, movements, i. 140. 



number of, classification of, i. 119. 



spinous structures in pitfalls, i. 124. 



with scale-like leaves, i. 135. 



Carob. See Ceratonia Siliqua. 

 Carolina Allspice. See Calycanthus. 

 Caroway. See Carum carvi. 

 Carpathians, plants of, i. 316, 

 Carpel, morphology, ii. 89. 



— of Cupressus, ii. 443. 

 Carpels, arrangement, &c., i. 642. 



— arrangement on receptacle, ii. 74. 



— foUaceous, ii. 83. 



— persistence, ii. 719. 



Carpenter Bee and Spartium scoparium, ii. 



267. 

 Carpet, type of community, ii. 889, 893. 

 Garpinus and gall-mites, ii. 529. 



— bud-scales, i. 626. 



— cupula, ii. 434. 



— defoliation slow, i. 361. 



— embryo-sacs, ii. 478. 



— pollen-storing and dispersion, ii. 148. 



— vernation, i. 350, 631. 

 Garpinus Betulus, ii. 759- 



and Exoascus Carpinl, ii. 527. 



chalazogamic fertilization, ii. 412. 



dimensions, i. 722. 



fruiting branch, ii. 433. 



height, i. 722. 



pocket-galls, ii. 532. 



Carpinus orientahs, seed-dispersal, tL 854. 



Carpium, definition, ii. 47. 



Carpophylla. See Carpels. 



Carposporeie, ii. 606. 



Carpospores. of Coleochsete, ii. 654. 



Garrion- beetles and Dracunculus Creticus, 

 &c., ii. 165. 



Carrion-flies, favourite colours and odours, 

 ii. 197. 



Carrot. See Daucus Caroia. 



Carthamus,preservation of colour in Egyptian 

 graves, i. 262. 



Carthamus tinctoriua, demonstration of irri- 

 gation, i. 96. 



Carthusian Pink. See Dianthus Carihusian- 

 orum. 



Cartilage, digestion of, by Pinguicula vul- 

 garis, i. 142. 



Carum carvi, schizocarp, ii. 427, 430. 



Caruncle, nature of, ii. 425. 



Carya, mode of fertilization unknown, ii. 413. 



Garj'ophyllaceie, ii. 196. 



— aestivation in, ii. 210. 



— autogamy in, ii. 335, 352, 355. 



— capsules, ii. 432. 



— carnivorous in minor degree, i. 155. 



— course of pollen-tubes, ii, 410. 



— crepuscular perfume, ii. 208. 



— cross-fertilization in, ii. 307. 



— distribution of sexes, ii. 298, 299. 



— floral envelopes, ii, 749. 



— gall-mites and flower metamorphosis in, 



ii. 548. 



— heterostyly in, ii. 398. 

 - hybrids among, ii. 584. 



— insects and pollen, ii. 244. 



— movements of stamens, ii. 250. 



— nectaries, ii. 175, 176. 



^ nocturnal flowering, ii. 154. 



— pollendepositioninrevolver-flowerfl,ii.277. 



— pollen-grains, ii. 99. 



CaryophyllaceEe, protandrous, ii. 312. 



— protandry and autogamy, ii. 336. 



— stigmatic surface in, ii. 281. 



— times of opening and closing, ii. 221, 

 Caryophyllinaa, of Braun, ii. 605. 

 Caryopsis, nature of, ii. 429. 



— of Graminete, ii. 746. 

 CaiTOta, caudex, i. 714. 



— geographical distribution, ii. 740- 

 Caryota propinqua, i. 311. 



fate of specimen cultivated at Vienna, 



i. 310. 



leaf-section, i. 312. 



Casein, i. 458. 



Caahew-nut. See Anacardium occidentale. 



Cassia angustifoha, pod, ii. 431. 



Cassia lenitiva, stamen, ii. 91. 



Cassiope tetragona, rolled leaves, i. 304 



Cassytha, i. 182. 687; ii. 752. 



— affinities, i. 171. 



— geographical distribution, i. 171. 



— germination and mode of attack, 1. 176. 



— parasitism, i. 171. 



— physiological roots of seedling, i. 750. 

 Castanea, cotyledons, i. 608. 



— cupule, ii. 434. 



— fertilization, porogamic, ii. 413. 



— scent, ii. 200. 



Castanea sativa, thermal constants, i. 559, 



560. 

 Castanea vulgaris, age, i. 720. 



diameter, i. 722. 



fruit protection, ii. 442, 445. 



Caatanospermum, seed-dispersal, ii. 837. 

 Casuarina, chalazogamic fertilization, ii. 412, 



616. 

 Casuarina quadrivalvis, branch and cross 

 section, i. 299. 



protection of stomata from moisture, 



i. 298. 

 Casuarinese, Australian, switch-plants, i. 330, 



376. 



— chalazogamic fertilization, ii. 413. 



— chlorenchyma, and stomates, i. 332. 



— little shadow from, i. 336. 



Catalpa, openingandclosingof stigma, ii. 281. 



— pollen deposition, ii. 280. 



Catalpa syringiofoha, thermal constants, i. 



559, 560. 

 Catananche, protection of pollen from rain, 



ii. 112. 

 Catanan che ccerulea, duration of blossoming, 



ii. 218. 

 Catapult-fruits, ii. 840. 

 Catasetum, ii. 738. 



Catasetum tridentatum, discharge of pol- 

 linia, details, ii. 270. 



— — pollination, flower and parts, ii. 269. 

 Caterpillars and Cordyceps, ii. 680. 



— as hosts, i. 168. 



— hosts of Entomophthorese, ii, 672. 



— protection against, ii. 446. 

 Gathartolinum, guides to houey, ii. 249. 

 Catingas, of Brazil, i. 356. 



Catkin, i. 739. 



Cat's-foot. See Gnaphalium dioicum. 



Cattle, anthrax in, i. 163. 



CattJeya, ii. 738. 



Cattleya labiata, duration of flowering, ii. 214. 



Caucalis daucoides, autogamy, ii. 342. 



flowers, sexual conditions, ii. 296. 



protogi'uous, ii. 311. 



Caucasus, plants of, i. 316. 

 Caudex, i. 655, 710. 



— characteristic examples, i. 712. 



— thorns and leaf-sheaths, i. 714. 

 Caulerpa, habit, species, &c., ii. 645. 



— structure and light, i. 388. 

 Caulescent Violas, cleistogamy, ii. 393. 

 Cauliflower, nature of, ii- 553. 

 Cauhne buds, shoots, &c., ii. 28. 

 Gaulis. See Stalk. 



Caulia herbaceus, i. 715. 

 Gaulis suffruticosus, i. 715. 

 Oauloma. See Cavdex. 

 Caulomes, underground, of Saprophytes, and 

 food-absorption, i. 114. 



Oaulotretufl, hosts of Kafflesiacese in Venez- 

 uela, I 200. 

 ~ undulation of stem, i. 735. 

 Cavanillesia tuberculata, Brazilian Catingas, 



i. 656. 

 Cavern Moss. See Schistostega. 

 Cavities, grooves, &c., in leaves, for collection 



of water, i. 230. 

 Caylusea, ovary, ii. 75. 

 Gecidium, proposed application of term, ii. 



528. 

 Gecidomyia, escape of larvae from galls, ii. 



538. 

 — gall-gnats, ii. 534. 

 Gecidomyia Artemisiffi, gaU on Artemisia 



campestris, ii. 547. 

 Gecidomyia Asperulsc, galls on Asperula, ii. 



545. 

 Gecidomyia cerris, on leaf of Turkey Oak, ii. 



534. 

 Gecidomyia crataagi, galls on Crataegus, ii. 

 546. 



possibility of transmitting effects, ii. 554. 



Gecidomyia Ericse, galls on Erica, ii. 547. 

 Gecidomyia Galii, galls on Galium, ii. 545. 

 Gecidomyia genisticola, galls on Genista 



tinctoria, ii. 546. 

 Gecidomyia Loti. bud-galls on Lotus comicu- 



latus, ii. 544. 

 Gecidomyia phyteumatis, hud-galls on Phy- 



teuma orbiculare, ii. 544. 

 Gecidomyia rosaria, cluster-gaUs on Salix, ii. 



546. 

 Gecidomyia scoparise, ii. 547. 

 Gecidomyia Sisymbrii, galls on various Cru- 



ciferee, ii. 544. 

 Gecidomyia urticfe, gall on nettle-leaf , ii. 534, 

 Gecidomyia Verbasci, bud-galls on Verhas- 



cum, ii. 544. 

 Gecidomyia VeronicEe, galls on Veronica 



chamsedrys, ii. 546. 

 Cecidoses Eremita, escape of larva, ii. 539. 



galls on Duvana, ii. 534, 537. 



Cecropia peltata, myrmecophilous, ii. 233. 



Gedrela, seed appendages, ii. 424. 



Cedrela odorata. pollen-grains, ii. 99. 



Cedrela Toona, ii. 423. 



Cedrus, ii. 721. 



Gedrus atlantica, ii. 725. 



Cedrus Deodara, Asia Minor, ii. 725. 



freezing, i. 546. 



Cedrus Libani, ii. 725. 



age and height, i. 722, 



Celandine. See Chelidonium majus. 

 Celandine, Lesser. See Ranunculus ficaHa. 

 Celastrtnese, aril in, ii. 425. 

 Gelastnis, BraziUan, capsule-gall, ii. 539. 

 GelastruBScandens, weaving stem, i. 672. 

 Cell, laticiferous, i. 470. 



— naked, unfortunate term, i. 26. 



— observations of Brown and Mohl (1830- 



1840), i. 14. 



— original meaning, i, 22. 



— partition-wall, i. 26. 



— shapes, i. 374; cf. i. 139. 



— the, a minature chemical laboratory, i. 16. 



— wall of, early views, i. 23. 

 Cell-aggregates, various comparisons of, i. 27. 

 Cell-cavities, connecting passages between, 



i. 45. 

 Cell-chambers, i. 27. 

 Cell-complexes, sorts of, i. 586, 587. 

 Cell-contents, attraction of water by, i. 229. 

 Cell-division, i, 573. 



details, i. 580 et seq. 



in Spirogyra, ii. 657. 



Cell-formation, free, nature of, i. 575. 

 Cell-membrane, a sieve, i. 57. 



assumed structure, i. 57. 



correct view of, i. 14. 



diffusion through, i. 59. 



elastic, i. 59. 



imbibition of water, i. 58. 



modifications of,' i. 43. 



of Diatoms, i. 40. 



penetrability of, i. 58. 



permeabihty in abaorptlon-cells, t 221 



