952 



INDEX. 



Gnaphalium Leontopodium, hairincBS and 

 habitat, i. 316. 



hairs, i. 321. 



Gnaphalium luteo-album, gall of Entyloma 



Aschersonii, &c., ii. 521. 

 Gnaphalium tomeutosum, hairs, ii. 330, 321. 

 GnetaceEe, description, ii. 726. 



— embryo development, ii. 437. 



— Endlicher's grouping, ii. 604. 



— seed-coats of. ii. 441. 



Godetia, viscin of pollen-grains, ii. 101. 

 Goebel, classihcatiou of Thallophytea, ii. 606. 

 Goethe, i. 6. 



— attitude towards Linnean system, ii. 287. 



— hia typical plant, i. 12. 



— on seed-dispersal, ii. 833. 



— treatise on metamorphosis, i. 10. 

 Gold Ferns. See Qymnogr amine. 

 Gold of Pleasure. See Camelina sativa. 

 Golden Rod. i. 740 ; ii. 296. 321. 

 Golden Saxifrage. See Clirysosplenium. 

 Cromontia polyrhiza, life-cycle, ii. 651. 

 Gomphonema capitatum, ii. 626. 



— colonies, i. 585. 



Gouatoaema, aplanospore formation, ii. 658. 

 GoneocUnic hybrids, ii. 559, 587. 

 Gongora galatea, twisting of ovary, ii. 224. 

 Gonidia, of Lichens, ii. 692. 

 Goniolimon, absorptive organs, i. 234. 

 Gonium. structure, &c., ii. 631. 

 Goodeniaceae, ii. 767. 



Goodyera repens, habitat and foliage, i. 110. 

 Gooseberry. See Rihes Grossularia, 

 Gorteria ringens, colour-contrast in flower, 



ii. 190. 

 Gossypium Barbadense, hairy seeds, ii. 855. 

 Gossypium herbaceum, fruit and seeds, ii. 



423. 

 Gourd. See Cucurbita Pepo. 

 Graft, relation to stock, ii. 571. 

 Graft-hybrids, ii. 569, 572. 

 Grafting, i. 213, 214. 

 Grafting, perpetuation of hybrids by, ii. 556 



— resemblance to parasitism inLoranthaceEe, 



i. 213. 

 Graminese, ii. 719. 



— attacked by Smut-fungi, ii. 674. 



— brood-bodies, ii. 29. 



— caryopsis, ii. 746. 



— cleistogamy in, ii. 392. 



— course of pollen-tubes, ii. 408. 



— dehiscence of poUen-sacs, ii. 93, 



— descriptive details, ii. 745, 746. 



— dicliogamy, ii. 140, 312. 



— elevation and coloration, ii. 511. 



— embryo of, ii. 422. 



— from chalk, ii. 613. 



— germination, i. 604. 



— glumes, ii. 434. 



— hybrids among, ii. 583. 



— pollen-grains, ii. 99. 



— pollination, ii. 133, 140, 141. 



— substratum, ii. 498. 



— venation, i. 634. 



GrammatocarpuB volubilis, nutation, 1. 683. 

 Grammatophora serpentina, ii. 626. 

 Grammitidete, tribe of Polypodiaceae, ii. 706. 

 Grammoptera, and Listera, ii. 256. 

 "Grandes espfices", ii. 581. 



Granite, i. 83. 



Granulosa, formation, i. 459, 460. 



Grapes, and Peronospora viticolo, ii. 670. 



Grape-sugar, decomposition by yeast, i. 506. 



Graphite, origin of, ii. 610. 



Grasses. See also Qraminece 



— anthocyanin and elevation, i. 522. 



— aqueous mantle of assimilating tissue, i. 



369. 



— localization of wax, i. 292. 



— Mediterranean, hairiness of, i. 318. 



— perennial, time of appearance in dry 



regions, i. 318. 



— periodic folding of leaves, i, 339. 



— reed-like, adaptation to wind. i. 427. 



— silicic acid in, i. 67. 



— stomata on leaves, i. 280. 



— trabeculse in green cells, i. 374. 



Grass-leaves, folding of, i. 341, 342, 343. 

 Grass-tree, AustraUan. See Xanthorrhea 



hastilis. 

 Grass Wrack. See Zostera. 

 Gravitation, force to be overcome in ascent 



of crude sap, i. 269. 

 Grayness, of shore vegetation, i. 390. 

 Grazing animals and young trees, i. 445. 

 Greek flora, general grayness of, i. 317. 

 Green, intensity of, and illumination, i. 381. 



— Algte. See Ghlorophycece. 



zone in sea, i. 390. 



Greenland, winter temperatures, i. 547. 

 Green Laver. See Ulva latissima. 

 Green-rot, of trees, i. 263. 



Green tissue, production of, i. 426. 



— tissues, behaviour towards Ught, i. 383, 



384. 

 Gregoria, heterostyly, ii. 302. 

 Grevillea, vertical leaf-blades, i. 336. 

 Grew, Kehemiah, figures of plant anatomy, 

 i. 22. 



on crumpled <estivatiou, ii. 210. 



Grimmia, hybrids in, ii. 583. 



— renders limestone friable, i. 258. 



— vegetative propagation, ii. 458. 

 Grimmia apocarpa, absorption of carbonic 



acid, i. 62. 

 Grimmia Hartmanni, parthenogenesis, ii. 464. 

 Grimmi^e, collection of dust, i. 266. 



— nutrition, i, 81. 



— special absorptive cells of, i. 218. 



— spore-dispersal, ii. 814. 



Grindelia squarrosa, varnish-like covering, 



i. 313. 

 Gromwell. See lAthospermum. 

 Grooves on stem, and rain-water, i. 95. 

 Ground Ivy. See Glechoma hederacea. 

 Groundsel. See Senecio vulgaris. 

 Ground water, inefficiency, fitc, ii. 501. 

 Growth and heat, i. 512, 518, 557. 



— and hght, i. 518. 



— and periodic movements, ii. 220. 



— and snow-pressure, i. 523. 



— dependence on water, i. 510. 



— geometrically considered, i. 405. 



— hypothetical mechanism, i. 512. 



— influence of elevation on, ii. 407. 508, 509, 



523. 



— nature of, i. 55. 



— period of, in wettest season in certain 



localities, i. 306. 

 Grubbiacese. ii, 754. 

 Gschnitzthal (Tyrol), i. 65. 



— changes in flora of, ii. 910. 



— Kerner*s experimental garden, ii. 453. 



— mechanical force of roots, i. 514. 

 Guard-cells of stoma, i. 280. 



function and structure, i. 308. 



Guelder-rose. See Viburnum Opulus. 

 Guepinia, appearance of, i. 112. 



— shrivelling through loss of water, i. 216, 

 Guests of plants, bidden andunbidden, ii. 221. 

 Gulf Stream, blueness, i. 389. 

 Gulf-weed. See Sargassum bacci/erum. 

 Gum-arabic, source, i. 458. 



Gum-resin, water retention, i. 330. 

 Gum-tragacanth, source, i. 458. 

 Guttifera^ of Braiin, ii, 605. 

 Gymnadenia. ii. 737. 



— and Nocture, ii. 256. 



— hybrids, ii. 563. 583. 



— pollen deposition and retention, ii. 284. 



— spur and honey, ii. 255. 

 Gymnadenia Conopsea, and Nigritella nigra, 



colour of flowers and hybrid, ii. 567. 



capsules in dry and wet %veather, ii. 448. 



scent, ii. 201, 203. 



seed, ii. 451. 



Gymnoascus uncinatus, habitat, i. 118. 

 Gymnocladus, i. 488. 



— bud-scales, i. 626. 



Gymnocladus canadensis, leaf, diurnal posi- 

 tions, i. 534. 



reserve-buds. ii. 32. 



separation -layers, i. 360. 



Gymnogramme, sorus, ii, 706. 



Gymnogpermse, absence of fossil connecting 

 links with Phanerogams, ii. 613. 



— classes, ii. 718. 



— development of embryo, U. 437. 



— distinctive features, ii. 719. 



— fertilizatiOD, ii. 418. 



— fruits, ii. 437. 



— homology of embryo-sac and contents to 



germinated macrospore, ii. 478. 



— of Endlicher. &c.. ii. 604. 



— pollination, ii. 419. 



— protection of ovule, ii. 72. 

 Gymnosporangium, teleutospores, &c., ii. 687. 

 Gymuosporangium clavariajforme, &c,, ii. 519, 



521. 

 Gyranospoi'angiumjuniperinum,hetero3ci8m, 



ii. 686. 

 Gymnostoraum, absence of peristome, ii. 703. 

 Gymnostomum curvirostre, lime incrusted, 



i. 260. 

 Gynandrffi, floral characters, ii. 736. 

 Gynerium argenteum, poUinatiou, ii. 142 

 Gypsophila, autogamy, ii. 345. 



— nectaries, ii. 176, 



Gypsophila paniculata, inflorescence, i. 738. 

 Gypsophila repens, anthocyanin, i, 522. 



elevation and coloration, ii. 511. 



Gypsum, good for clover, i. 74. 



— in cell, i. 72. 



— OD leaves, i. 236. 



Gyrocarpus Asiaticus, seed-dispersal, ii. 853. 

 Gyrogonites, fossil characeous fruits, ii. 661. 

 Gyrophoraa, absorption of water, i. 218. 



H. 



Haastia, distributionand appearance, ii. 188. 

 Habenaria, ii. 737. 



— pollen deposition and retention, ii. 284. 



— specific differences and insect visits, ii. 



256. 



— spur and honey, ii. 255. 



Habenaria bifoha, flower and pollination, 

 ii. 225, 227. 



nocturnal perfume, ii. 208. 



pollinia, ii. 256. 



scent, ii. 201, 204. 



Habenaria chlorantha, rostellum, ii. 255. 

 Habenaria Hookeri, specific distinction from 



H. montana, ii, 256. 

 Habenaria montana, pollinia, ii. 256. 



scentless, ii. 204. 



Haberlea, nectary, ii. 175. 



Haberlea rhodopensis, direction of flowers, 



ii. 225. 

 Habitat and greenness, i. 384. 



— and influence on plant form, ii. 497. 



— and permanence of hybrids, ii. 587. 



— and variation, i. 394. 



~ influence on anatomy, ii. 511. 



— of epiphytes, i. 222, 325. 



— of tamarisks, frankenias, kc, extreme 



aridity of, i, 237. 

 Habitats, sorts of, ii. 879. 883. 

 Hacquetia, behaviour of stamens, i. 740. 



— geitonogamy, details, ii. 323. 



— protogynous, ii. 311. 



Ha<iena and Habenaria bifolia, ii. 256. 

 Hajmatochrome, of eye-spot, ii 629. 

 H^matococcus, reason of name, ii. 631. 

 HEeraatococeus pluvialis. See Sphairella. 

 Hairiness of plants, in relation to habit and 



climate, i. 316. 

 Hair-mosses. See Polytrichum. 

 Hairs, absence of, in plants with incrustar 



tions, i. 313. 



— actinia-like, i. 324. 



— air-containing, protective functions, i. 314. 



— articulated, i. 320. 



— branched, i. 323. 



— capitate or glandtdar, i. 229. 



— cauline of Stellaria media, i. 229. 



— clayey appearance due to, i. 324. 



— covering, i. 321. 



— dry, air-containing, chief means of proteo- 



tion from undue evaporation, i. 317. 



