INDEX. 



977 



Bteppe-witohes, ii. 850. 

 SterculiaceBB, seed-disperaal, ii. 837. 

 Stereum. texture aiid hymenium, ii. 688. 

 Steriffmata, of Baaidiomyoetes, ii. 20. 

 Sterility of plants under cultiTation, ii. 402. 

 Sternbergia, protection of pollen from rain, 



U. 112. 

 Sternbergia lutea, autogamy, ii. 373. 

 Sticky bristles, and protection of flowers, ii. 



237. 



— fruits, ii. 869. 



— seoretiona, and protection from marauders, 



ii. 231 

 Stigeodonixun, thallus, ii. 652. 

 Stigma, adaptation to wind-pollination, ii. 



151. 



— and wind-fertilization, ii. 134. 



— as poUen-protector, ii. 111. 



— attraction for pollen-tubes, ii. 413. 



— changes after pollination, ii. 285. 



— morphology, i. 645. 



— pollen selection, ii. 404. 



— sticky, ii. 282. 

 Stigmaria, nature of, ii. 716. 

 Stigmas and stamens of Iris, ii. 729. 

 Stigmatic chambers, of Asclepiads, ii. 259. 

 StilWoots, i. 758, 759. 



structure, i. 761. 



Stimuli, acting on roots, i. 776. 

 Stimulus, propagation of, i. 151. 



— transmission in sensitive plants, &c., i. 536. 

 Stinging Nettle. See Urtica dioica. 

 Stipa, fruit anchoring, i. 616. 



Stipa capillata. folding of leaf, i. 344. 



leaf, section, i. 342. 



Stipa pennata, i. 617. 



awn functions, i. 617. 



dispersal, i. 617. 



fruits boring into ground, i. 619. 



isolated colonies, i. 528. 



Stipnlar nectaries, ii. 232. 



— spines, i. 448. 



Stipules, chief function, i. 637. 



— chlorophyll protecting, i. 392. 



— deciduous, i. 351. 



— of Leguminosse, i. 448. 



— of Marattiacese, ii. 709. 



— protective, i. 351. 

 Stipule-tendril, i. 692. 

 Stock. See Matthiola. 



Stock, relation of graft to, ii. 571. 



— wild, in grafting, i. 214. 

 Stolon, nature of, i. 663. 

 Stoma, description of, i. 63. 



Stomata, and diurnal positions of leaves, i. 

 535. 



— and honey secretion, ii. 172. 



— and transmission of carbonic acid, i. 370. 



— and water-pores, i. 366. 



— arrangement in switch-plants, i. 332. 



— exudation of saline solution from, i. 236. 



— functions, opening and closing of, guard- 



ceUs, i. 308. 



— in pit-like depressions, i. 298. 



— in the fxurows of green stems, i. 299. 



— of Knightia excelsa, ii. 751, 



— of Moss capsule, ii. 702. 



— over-arched, of Australian Proteaceae, i. 



297. 



— protection from moisture by cuticular pegs, 



i. 294, 296. 



— protection from moisture by papilla-like 



outgrowths, i. 295. 



— protection from moisture by rolling of 



leaves, i. 302. 



— protection from wetting, i. 292. 



— regulators of transpiration, i. 309. 



— shape when open, size, i. 281. 



— surface view and section, i. 294. 



— within hollow tubercles, i. 300. 

 Stomate, of Marchantia, ii. 697- 

 Stomates, in Anthocerotaceae, ii. 698. 

 Stooecrop. See Sedum. 

 Stone-fruit, ii. 428. 



Stone Pine. See Pinus Pinea. 

 Storage of pollen, ii. 94. 

 Storm, effect on vegetation, i. 474. 

 VOL. II. 



Stratification. See Cell-wall. 



Stratiotes, protective isolation by water, Ii. 

 234. 



Stratiotes aloides, mode of life, i. 76. 



roots, i. 752. 



spiny leaves, i. 438. 



winter sinking, i. 552. 



Strawberry, Wild. See Fragana t esca. 



Strawberry-tree. See Arbutus XTnedo. 



Strelitzia, S. African, ii. 734. 



Streptocarpus polyanthus, cotyledons, un- 

 equal development, i, 622. 



Striation, cause of, i. 569. 



Stj-oma-starch of Hydrodictyon, ii. 640. 



Sti-uggle for existence, ii. 600. 



Struthiopterls germanica, height, i. 714. 



Struvea delicatula, habitat, ii. 646. 



Style, attraction for pollen-tubes, ii. 414. 



— morphology, i. 644. 



— movements of, ii. 277. 

 Stylidiaceffl, ii. 767. 



Styphnolobium japonicura, green cotyledons, 

 ii. 421. 



Sub-alpine plants, autogamy in, ii. 400. 



Suberin, chief component of cuticle, com- 

 position, i. 309. 



— formation, i. 458. 

 Substance, intercellular, i. 26. 

 Substitution-buds, characteristics, ii. 34. 

 Substitution and plant succession, ii. 498. 

 Substratum, classification of plants accord- 

 ing to, ii. 496. 



— effects of Bacteria on, ii. 623. 



— influence on graft, ii. 571. 

 Subterranean fruits, ii. 878. 



— roots, mechanical adaptation, i, 762. 

 Subulariaaquatica,8ub-aqueousfertilization, 



ii. 391. 

 Succulent fruits, dispersal, ii. 864. 



— plants, i. 327. 



Succulents, compared to camels, i. 328. 



— heat resistance, i. 554. 



— not eaten by animals, i. 432. 



— water-retaining substances in juices, i. 329. 

 Suckers, of Bartsia alpina, i. 180. 



— of Lathraea, i. 182. 



— of Pedicularis, i. 179. 



— of Rhinanthacete, i. 178. 

 Sugar, formed by protoplasts, i. 61. 



— from formic aldehyde, i. 456. 



— manufacturing of, i. 377. 



— storing, i. 358. 



— viscous fermentation, i. 506. 

 Sugars, conducting tisues for, i. 479. 



— importance, i. 463. 



Sugar solution and germination of pollen- 

 grains, ii. 407. 

 Sulphur, sources of, i. 458. 



— uecessary for proteid formation, i. 67. 

 Sulphur Bacteria, ii. 624. 



Sulphiu-ic acid, reduction, i. 458. 



Sulphurous rain, ii. 151. 



Sumachs. See Rhus Cotinus and R. Ty- 



phinum. 

 Summer sleep, of plants, i. 356. 

 Sun-birds, pollen transference by, ii. 247. 

 Sun-dew. See Drosera. 

 Sunlight, and respiration, i. 496. 

 Sunshine, and flowering, ii. 474. 



— and opening of flowers, ii. 219. 

 Suspensor, of embryo, ii. 421. 

 in Gymnosperms, ii. 438. 



— of Selaginella, ii. 715. 

 Swaramerdam, Dutch philosopher, i. 21. 

 Swarm-spores, behaviour towards light, i. 382. 

 in Chytridiacese, ii. 669. 



in Saprolegniaceifi, ii. 669. 



of Peronosporese, ii. 57. 



Sweeping-hairs of style, ii. 318. 



Sweet Flag. See Acorns Calumvs. 



Sweet-sop. See Anona squamosa. 



Sweet Vernal Grass. See Antkoxanthum. 



Swertia, nectaries, ii. 178. 



Swertia perennis, autogamy, ii. 341. 



honey protection, ii. 241. 



Swietenia Mahagoni, flower, ii. 285. 

 Swimming plants, characteristics, i. 669. 



Switch-plants, chlorenchyma, i. 331. 



green tissue, relative position, i. 471. 



strengthening tissues, i. 426. 



Switch-shrub, stem in section, i. 332. 

 Sycamore. See Acer Pseudo-platamis. 

 Symbiosis, and evolution, ii. 610. 



— and nutrition, i. 466. 



— case allied to that of Lichens, i. 268. 



— essential conditions, of Lichens, i. 244. 



— general conai derations, i. 243. 



— of Bacteria with root-fibres, ii. 521. 



— of fungal hyphffi with roots of Phanero- 



gams, in relation to cultivation, i. 250. 



— of Liverworts and Rotifera, i, 255. 



— of plant and animal, i. 254. 



— of plants with Ants, ii. 233. 



— of Yucca with Moths, ii. 159. 

 Symphyogyna, vascular system, ii. 699. 

 Symphytum, bristles, i. 441. 



— pollen-grains, ii. 97. 



— unfolding of inflorescence, i. 744. 

 Symphytum officinale, pollen - sprinkling 



apparatus, ii. 275. 

 Symphytum Tauricum, floral change of 



colour, ii. 191. 

 Synchitrium Anemones, &c„ gall formation, 



ii. 520. 

 Synconium, of Ficus, ii. 157. 

 Synedra Ulna, ii. 626. 

 Synergidae, of egg-apparatus, ii. 81, 416. 

 Synthesis, of Lichen, ii. 692. 



— in plants, hypotheses regarding, i. 378. 

 Syringa, autogamy, ii. 334. 



Syringa vulgaris, hermaphrodite, ii. 296, 



pollen -grains, ii. 97. 



scent, ii. 201. 



"Witches' Broom " galls, ii. 548. 



Syrrhopodon scaber, thallidia, ii. 23. 

 System, Linnean, i. 6 ; ii. 288. 



— natural, of classification, ii. 602. 

 Syzygites, parthenogenesis, ii. 464, 



T. 



Table Mountain, vegetatiou of, i. 306. 

 Table of Bentham and Hooker's main divi- 

 sions, ii. 604. 



— of Braun's classification, ii. 605. 



— of De Candolle's classification, ii. 603. 



— of Endlicher's classification, ii. 604. 



— of Jussieu's classification, ii, 602. 



— of Linnseus's classification, ii. 288. 



— of Sachs's classification of Thallophytes, ii. 



606. 



Tables of relative growth at different eleva- 

 tions, ii. 509. 



Talinum fruticosum, i. 327. 



Talipot, size of leaf, i. 287. 



Talipot Palm. See Corypha umbracul^era. 



Tamarindus, flower, ii. 292. 



Tamariscinese, i. 198. 



Tamarisks. See Tamariscinece. 



Tamarix, not true "manna", ii. 812. 



— reserve-buds, ii. 35. 



— salt on leaves and stems, i. 236. 

 Tamus, mechanical tissue, i. 732. 



— pollen-grains, ii. 99. 



Tannin, absorption by Mildews, i. 167. 



— decomposition by Aspergillus niger, i, 507. 



— taste, i. 462. 



Tapetal cells, of anther, ii. 94. 



Taphrina carnea, blisters on birch-leaves, ii. 



676. 

 Tap-root, i. 760. 

 Taraxacum, aestivation, ii, 210. 



— geitonoganiy, ii. 319. 



— laticiferous tubes, i. 470. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 114. 

 Taraxacum officinale, duration of blossom- 

 ing, ii. 218. 



— — elevation and coloration, ii. 511. 

 latitude and closing, ii. 218. 



latitude and opening, ii. 217. 



leaves and rain conduction, i. 95. 



plumed fruits, ii, 857- 



poUen-grains, ii, 99. 



112 



