INDEX. 



981 



Vacoinium uliginosum, and Exobasidium 

 Vacoinii, ii. 526. 



autumnal tints, i. 490. 



nectaries, ii. 175. 



stamen, ii. 91. 



Vaccinium Vitis-Idsea, and animals, i. 432. 



and Exobasidium Vaccinii, ii. 526. 



I andMelamp.soraGceppertiana, ii.525. 



I pollen-sprinkling, ii. 224. 



■ shade and growth, ii. 506. 



' water-collecting and -absorbing or- 



gans, i. 231. 



Vacuole, central, i. 41. 



— systole and diastole, i. 30. 

 Vacuoles, pulsating, i. 31. 

 Va^na, of leaf, i. 595. 



Valerian, WUd. See Valeriana offioinalis. 

 Valeriana, imperfect flowers, ii. 294. 



— leaf size and vertical height, i. 287. 



— massing of flowers, ii. 186. 



— scent, ii. 202, 488. 



Valeriana dioica, imperfect flowers, ii. 295. 



protogyny, ii. 312. 



Valeriana globularisefolia, nectary, ii. 178. 

 Valeriana montana, anthocyanin, i. 520, 



&c., distribution of sexes, ii. 298. 



nectary, ii. 178. 



Valeriana officiDalis,crosH-fertilization,ii. 307. 



flower, ii. 178, 289. 



fruit, ii. 432. 



Valeriana Phu, elevation and coloration, 



ii. 511. 

 Valeriana polygama, protogynous, ii. 312. 

 Valeriana saxatilis, scent, ii. 202. 

 Valeriana simplicifolia, elevation and col- 

 oration, ii. 511. 



imperfect flowers, ii. 295. 



Valeriana tripteris, anthocyanin, i. 520. 



plumed fruits, ii. 857. 



protogynous, ii. 312. 



Valeriana tuberosa, store roots, i. 760. 

 Valerianaceae, iL 765. 



— dichogamy in, ii. 312. 

 Valerianella Auricula, autogamy, ii, 351. 

 Valerianella carinata, autogamy, ii. 351. 



doubling through gall-mite, ii. 549. 



mite-galls, ii. 523. 



Valerianella dentata, protogynous, ii. 310. 

 Valerianic acid, ii. 202. 

 Valerian scent, ii. 202. 

 Vallisneria, dioecious, ii. 299. 



— flower-stalk, i. 53. 



— pollen dispersion, ii. 105. 



— venation, i. 636. 



Vallisneria altemifolia, pollination, ii. 133. 

 Vallisneria spiralis, i. 667. 



and heat, i. 564. 



flowers and pollination, ii. 132. 



Valoniacese, thaUus characteristics, ii. 646. 

 Valonias, colonies, i. 585. 

 Valvate dehiscence of pollen-sacs, ii. 93. 

 Vanda ccerulea, duration of flowering, ii. 214, 

 Vanda teres, seed-dispersal, ii. 862. 



seeds and hygroscopic hairs, ii. 859. 



Vanessa Urticae, larvae on nettles, i. 442. 



Vanilla, scent, ii. 200. 



Vanilla Orchid, ii. 738. 



Variation, effect of habitat on, L 394. 



— possible factors in, ii. 593. 



— structural, i. 8. 

 Variegation, causes of, i. 285. 



Varnish excreting cells, distinctive features, 

 i. 237. 



— protective coating, i. 353. 

 Varnish-like covering of epidermis, composi- 

 tion, T-estrictive of transpiration, i. 312. 



Vascular bundle, strengthening of, i. 725. 

 Vascular bundles, in leaf and stem, i. 649. 

 Vascular bundle-sheath, i. 469. 

 Vascular Cryptogams, alternation of genera^ 



tions, i. 709. 

 -» — common characteristic, ii. 67. 



Palieozoic remains, ii. 612. 



sexual reproductive organs, ii. 62. 



two generations distinct, ii. 474. 



Vascular tissue and transpiration, i. 347, 362. 

 Vaucheria, i. 139; ii. 16, 57. 



Vauoheria. chlorophyll granules. 1 373. 



— cilia of, i. 29- 



— colonies, i. 585. 



— conditions favourable to development of 



sexual organs, ii. 644. 



— germination, i. 575. 



— Klebs' experiments, ii. 482. 



— sporangium and spore, ii. 17. 

 Vaucheria clavata, as mud collector, i. 267. 

 motion of swarm-spore, i. 24. 



structure and behaviour towards light, 



i. 383. 



zoospore-formation, ii. 645. 



Vaucheria sesslhs, fertilization, ii. 63. 



Vaucheriacese, ii. 643. 



Vega expedition, temperature observations, 



i. 547. 

 Vegetable and animal bodies, analogies, i. 591. 



— kingdom, divisions, ii. 617. 



— mould, conditions of formation, i. 263. 

 Vegetable Sheep. See Haastia. 

 Vegetation, at mouths of drains, i. 105. 



— characteristics on sea-shore, i. 390. 



— coal period, i. 636. 



— lines of, ii. 881. 



— marine, vertical zone, i. 387. 



— mountain limits, i, 527. 



— of heaths and moors, indigestibility, i. 432. 

 Vegetative ceU, of pollen-grain, ii. 420. 



— propagation, ii. 790. 



lengths of runners, ii. 802. 



various causes, ii. 459. 



Vella spinosa, spines, i. 444, 449. 

 Velum, of Isoetes, ii. 716. 



— partiale, of Agaricineas, ii. 689. 



— universale, of Agaricinese, ii. 689. 

 Velvety, texture, i. 320. 



Venation, importance in Palreo-botany, i. 635. 



— specific constancy, i. 635. 



— of leaf, terminology, i. 629 et seq. 



— of leaves, i. 631. 



Venetian lagoons, vegetation, ii. 104. 

 Ventilation-canals, functions of, i. 63. 

 Ventral canal-cell, in Gymnosperms, ii. 419. 

 Ventral suture, of follicle, &c., ii. 430. 

 Venus's Fly-trap. See Dioncea muscipula. 



— Looking-glass. See Specularia speculum. 

 Veratrum, hermaphrodite and staminate 



flowers, ii. 297. 

 Veratrum album, grooving of leaf, i. 96. 



odomrless, i. 431. 



Verbascum, edible staminal hairs, ii. 170. 



— hairs and animals, i. 442. 



— hybrid flower colour, ii. 567. 



— hybrids, ii. 585. 



— leaves and hght, i. 410. 



— sterility of hybrids, ii. 571. 

 Verbascum Austriacum, and bud-galls of 



Cecidomyia Verbasci, ii. 544. 



colour-contrast of flower, ii. 189. 



Verbascum Elattaria, nectaries, ii. 177. 



corolla and autogamy, ii. 367. 



Verbascum Lychnitis, and bud-galls of Ceci- 

 domyia Verbasci, ii. 544. 



Verbascum nigrum, and bud-galls of Ceci- 

 domyia Verbasci, ii. 544. 



colour-contrast of flower, Ii. 189. 



Verbascum olympicum, hairs, i. 324. 



Verbascum phlomoides, i. 97. 



method of water-conduction, i, 96. 



stomatal protective hairs, i. 292. 



Verbascum phcenicum, nectaries, ii. 177. 



Verbascum pulverulentum, deciduous pro- 

 tective branched hairs, i. 354. 



Verbascum thapaiforme, hairs, i. 322. 



Verbascum Thapsus, autogamy, ii. 350. 



function of woolly hairs, i. 227. 



stomatal protective hairs, i. 292. 



tea. i. 443. 



Verbascum verulentum, hairs, i. 324. 



Verbena ofBcinalis, honey protection, ii. 241. 



Verbenaceae, ii. 771. 



Vernation, crumpled, i. 349. 



— in relation to transpiration, i. 348. 



— of pinnate leaves, i. 350. 



— plaited, i. 349. 



Veronica, opening of flower, ii. 212. 



Veronica, protogynous, ii. 311. 



— seed dispersed by rain, ii. 846. 



— stamens as insect platform, IL 225. 

 Veronica alpina, weather and autogamy, ii. 



391. 



Veronica Anagallis, extremes of growth, ii. 

 500. 



leaves, aerial and submerged, ii. 501. 



Veronica Eeccabunga, habit and tempera- 

 ture, ii. 503. 



Veronica bellidioides, weather and autoga- 

 my, ii. 391. 



Veronica chamasdrys and galls of Cecidomyia 

 Veronicae, ii. 547. 



elevation of petioles, i. 419. 



inflorescence, ii. 226. 



insects and pollen, ii. 245. 



weather and autogamy, ii. 391. 



Veronica hederifolia, origin of flower-stalk, 

 i. 737. 



Veronica maritima, geitonogamy, ii. 326. 



Veronica officinalis, elevation of petioles, L 

 419. 



gall-mites anddoubling of flowers, ii. 553. 



honey protection, ii. 241. 



Veronica pollita, light and growth, ii. 508. 



Veronica praecox, anthocyanin, i. 512. 



Veronica saxatilis, gall-mites and flower 

 metamorphosis, ii, 548. 



Veronica scutellata, weaving habit, i. 674. 



Veronica spicata, geitonogamy, U. 326. 



Veronica spuria, geitonogamy, ii. 326. 



Verrucaria calciseda, heat resistance, 1. 554. 



Verrucaria purpmrascens, heat resistance, i. 

 554. 



Versatile anther, ii. 90. 



of Grasses, ii. 141. 



Verticillatse, general characteristics, ii. 646. 



Verticordia oculata, seed-dispersal, ii. 855. 



Vervain. See Verbena officinalis. 



Vessels, absence in seedling of Cuscuta, i. 172. 



— in young Orobanche, i. 184. 



— laticiferous, i. 470. 



— nature of, i. 46. 



— size, i. 362. 



— spiral, i. 471. 



— various, i. 469. 



Vetch, Bitter. See Orobus vernus. 

 Vetches, S. Europe, phyllodes, i. 335. 

 Viburnum lantana, behaviour of stamens, L 

 740. 



deciduous stellate hairs, i. 354. 



geitonogamy, ii. 326. 



scent, ii. 200. 



— — texture of mite-gall, ii. 533. 



unfolding leaves, i. 349. 



Viburnum Lentago, i. 488. 



Viburnum Opulus, geitonogamy, ii. 326. 



— — peripheral flowers, ii. 187. 

 scent, ii. 200. 



water-absorption, direct from atmo- 



spliere, i. 238. 

 Vicia, how protected, i. 451. 



— keel movements and pcllen-brush, ii. 252. 



— seeds and heat, i. 555. 



— tendrils, i. 693. 



Vicia amphicarpa, cleistogamy, ii. 393. 

 Vicia Cracca, elevation and coloration, ii. 511. 

 Vicia dumetorum, seed protection, ii. 446. 

 ViciaFaba, colour-contrast of flowers, ii. 189. 

 Vicia Melanops, ii. 190. 

 Vicia picta, ii. 190. 



Vicia pisiformis, seed protection, ii. 446. 

 Vicia sepium, elevation and coloration, ii, 511. 

 Vicia sylvatica, seed protection, ii. 446. 

 Victoria regia, anthocyanin, i. 521. 



colour contrast of flower, ii, 190. 



leaf and transpiration, i. 288. 



position of stomata on leaves, i. 280. 



prickles, i. 433. 



protective isolation by water, ii. 



234. 



size of flowers, ii. 185. 



venation, i. 636. 



Vienna, time of flowering, i. 518. 

 Villarsia, allurement by petals, ii. 171. 



— leaf-rosettes, i. 412. 



