E-OREST EXPLOITATION IN UFA. 31 



tion was very sparse— less thaa three souls per square 

 mile — and had been still less some time before. 



In the forest lands attached to the copper-smelting 

 works belonging to Colonel V. A. Pashkoff, at Bogo- 

 yavlensk, and at Verchotov, both in the district of 

 Sterlinatamak, in the Government of Ufa, which were 

 visited by my friend, the method of exploitation followed 

 is similar in many respects to that known in France as 

 Furetage. Of this method of exploitation I have given in 

 a volume entitled Introduction to the Study of Modern 

 Forest Economy* the following account : — 



Furetage is a method of exploiting coppice woods com- 

 posed of trees which reproduce shoots from the stump 

 freely, and can reproduce a wood or forest without the 

 aid of self-sown seed. It may be considered a modification 

 oi Jardinage applicable to the exploitation of such trees, 

 though not to others ; and the designation given to it in 

 contradistinction to Jardinage has been given from some 

 fancied resemblance to that of a ferret ferreting out what 

 it is in pursuit of, as the other designation has been given 

 in reference to some fancied resemblance to that of the 

 kitchen gardener in gathering his crops. But in practice 

 it is assimilated to La Methode a tire et aire. 



' Furetage,' says the late Professor Bagneris, Inspector of 

 Forests, and Professor at the Forest School of Nancy, in a 

 work entitled Elements of Sylviculture,'^ 'consists in cutting 

 the strongest shoots out of a clump, and in leaving the 

 weaker ones. The wood-cutter returns to the same place 

 every eight or ten years, and if the poles are cut at the 



'^ IntrocLuotion to the Study of Mod&rn Vorest Economy,— \n this there are broujfht 

 under consideration the extensive destruction of forests which has taken place in 

 Europe and elsewhere, with notices of disastrous consequences which have followed — 

 diminished supply of timber and firewood, droughlg, floods, landslips, and sand-drifts 

 — and notices of the appliances of Modern i?orest Science successfully to counteract 

 these evils by conservation, planting:, and improved exploitation, under scientific 

 administration and management. 



t Elements of Sylviculture : a Short Treatise on the Scienlifu! Cultivation of the 

 Oak and other Hardwood Trees. Translated from the French by E. E. Fernandez and 

 A. Smythies, B.A., Indian Forest Service. London : William Rider & Sou; Simpkin, 

 Marshall, & Co. 1882. 



