40 FORESTRY IN EASTERN RUSSIA. 



' In neither is any growing or felled wood disposed of 

 for firewood, but dead oi fallen trees are disposed of to the 

 inhabitants of the locality as fuel at a fixed charge of 1.30 

 rouble per chimney per annum. 



' Ko trees are sold for timber or transport. The trees 

 of the young and cleared ground are about double in 

 number that of the virgin forest, but it is more pecuniarily 

 remunerative to keep the land under cereal crops or hay 

 than under forest trees. 



'In the first-mentioned forest land there are employed 

 23 forest watchmen, with salaries varying from 8 to 20 

 roubles per month ; in the other forest lands, 16 forest 

 watchmen are employed at wages varying from 4 to 12 

 roubles per month : the rouble is at present equal to 2s., 

 but its equivalent in sterling money varies with the rate 

 of exchange, it has been 2s. 6d., and in a normal state of 

 the exchange it is supposed to be equal to 3s.' 



