SWAMPS, BOGS, AND MARSHES 77 



tion of the lip. In most orchids it is brought under, to form an 

 insect platform, by the twisting of the ovary. In this the ovary 

 does not twist. The outer sepal, thus brought below, is large and 

 broad, and forms, quite as well as the lip, a place for the visiting 

 insect to stand upon. Root, a bulb. Scape 12 to 18 inches high. 

 This is not a rare plant. Many swamps are crimsoned in spots 

 by this striking and beautiful flower. It is worth one's while to 

 leave the city for a June holiday in order to find the calopogon in 

 one of its wet haunts. 



84. Rose Pogonia. Snake-mouth 



Pogonia ophioglossoiides. — Family, Orchis. Color, pale 

 crimson, rarely white. Leaves, i, large, near the middle, lance- 

 shaped or oval, and i, smaller, near the flower. Time, June 

 July. 



This single-flowered orchis is often found in the same swamp 

 side by side with its more pretentious relative, the calopogon. It 

 is low, 6 to 9 inches high, from a fibrous root. The flower is ter- 

 minal, large, i inch long, and it opens wide, with a somewhat 

 bearded lip. It is sweet-scented, as Thoreau expresses it, with 

 " a strong, snaky odor." Occasionally a second flower springs 

 from the leaf-axil. The original home of this dainty plant, Dr. 

 Gray says, is Japan. 



85. Arethusa 



Areihusa bulbbsa. — Family, Orchis. Color, rose -pink. 

 Leaf, I, 4 to 6 inches long, narrow, hidden at first, appearing 

 after the flower. Time, May, June. 



Lip pendent, rounded and toothed at apex, fringed, spotted 

 with purple, with 3 white ridges running down its surface. 

 Other petals and sepals long, narrow, arching over the petal- 

 like column. Fruit, a capsule i inch long. 



One of our most beautiful orchids, but quite local in its habit. 

 In its favorite swamp it reappears year after year with unerring 

 certainty. The flower is an inch long, subtended by 2 small scales. 

 The lip, broadened and gracefully curved, is fringed with soft, pur- 

 plish hairs. The root is a bulb. From it arises a scape, 6 to 10 



