368 FLOWERS OF FIELD, HILL, AND SWAMP 



both ray and disk flowers present, but rays small and occa- 

 sionally wanting. Around the flowers are about 5 large in- 

 volucral scales, leaf-like in character, making a sort of cup in 

 which the flower sits. Smaller scales in an inner row partly 

 fold over the achenes in fruit. Flowers in panicled, flat clus- 

 ters. A tall plant, 2 to 5 feet high, with hairy stems. 



Range from Western Vermont to Connecticut and westward. 



34 



Actinomeris squarrosa ("partly rayed"). — Family, Com- 

 posite. Color, yellow. Leaves, alternate, or the lower oppo- 

 site, hairy, oblong or narrow and lance-shaped, deeply toothed, 

 acute at both ends. Time, September. 



Hays, ie.vi, 5 or 6 to 11. Disk, heavy, coarse, dark yellow 

 or brownish. A plant from 4 to 8 feet high, with a coarse 

 stem, hairy, and winged above. Flowers, in corymbs. 



This plant has been found near Paterson and Montclair, N.J. 

 Its range is western New York and Pennsylvania, southward. 



35. Great Indian Plantain 



Cacalia reniformis. — Family, Composite. Color, white. 

 Leaves, alternate, petioled, large, the lowest i to 2 feet broad, 

 kidney - shaped ; upper spreading, fan -shaped, distinctly 

 toothed. Time, August. 



Flowers, all tubular, with no marginal rays, collected in 

 large, flat clusters. A plant 4 to 9 feet tall, with a stout 

 grooved or angled stem. 



New Jersey and southward, especially among the mountains. 



36. Pale Indian Plantain 



C. atriplicifhlia, 3 to 6 feet high, has palmately veined, 

 toothed leaves, and a coarse, smooth, round stem. 



