4.l6 FLOWERS OF FIELD, HILL, AND SWAMP 



12. Orange-grass. Pineweed 



If. nudicaide. — Family, St.-John's-wort. Color, deep yellow. 

 Leaves, small, thin, scale-like, pressed against the stem. Time, 

 summer and fall. 



A species remotely like the other St.-John's-worts, having 

 round, thin, wiry stems, very small flowers, sessile on the 

 branches, and minute leaves. It grows about 6 to i8 inches 

 high, in sand. The red pods are conspicuous, being longer 

 than the calyx. 



It has a wide range, from Maine southward; westward to Mis- 

 souri. One of our commonest plants, often found on roadsides. 



13. Carolinian Cranesbill 



Geranium Carolinianum. — Family, Geranium. Color, pale 

 pink. Leaves, palmately 5-paried, the divisions cut into long, 

 narrow lobes. 7'ime, May to August. 



Sepals and petals, 5, the sepals hairy, pointed, equalling the 

 corolla in length. Stamens, 5 or 10, with glands at their base. 

 Ovary, 5 - lobed, with 5 long styles, which spring elastically 

 from their common axis when ripe. Flowers, small, i to 3, 

 pedicelled, on a short common peduncle. Stems, hairy, much 

 branched, forking above. Pods hairy. 



A flower similar to the wild cranesbill, and variable in form. 

 The light rose-colored petals are notched in the centre. Com- 

 mon everywhere. 



14. Seneca Snakeroot 



Polygala SSnega. — Family, Milkwort. Color, white. Leaves, 

 lance-shaped or broader in the middle, rough margined. Time, 

 May and June. 



This species of polygala has a close, single head of flowers, 

 springing from a thick, knotty rootstock. It is our only white 

 species (some others are greenish white), and one of the tallest, 

 reaching i foot in height. 



