472 FLOWERS OF FIELD, HILL, AND SWAMP 



7 



H. dmsiflbrum is tall, often 6 feet, densely leaved, very 

 much branched above, with flowers ^ inch long, closely clus- 

 tered in compound cymes. 



Found in New Jersey pine barrens, southward to Kentucky and 

 Arkansas. 



8. Shrubby Trefoil, Hop-tree 



Ptelea trifo/iata. — Family, Rue. Color, greenish white. 

 Leaves, 3-divided, the leaflets pointed, ovate. Time, June. 



Calyx, petals, and stamens, 3 to 5. Style, 1, bearing 2 stig- 

 mas. Fruit, a round-winged, 2-celled, 2-seeded samara, bitter, 

 used as a substitute for hops. Flowers, unpleasantly scented, 

 in compound, flat clusters terminating the branches. 



A tall shrub found in rocky soil from Long Island southward. 



9. Black Alder. Winterberry 



Ilex veriicillaia. — Family, Holly. Color, white. Leaves, 

 alternate, oval, broad at base, pointed, serrate, on short 

 petioles. Two to 3 inches long. Time, May and June. 



Flowers, of 2 sorts. Staminate flowers with a calyx of 6 

 small sepals, crowded in clusters of 3 to 12 in the axils of 

 the leaves. Corolla, with petals united, 6 or 7, spreading, re- 

 curved. Pistillate flowers, single or clustered. These have 

 false stamens, with white filaments and anthers containing no 

 pollen. Fruit, bright, scarlet berries, each filled with 6 or 8 

 seeds, round, clustered along the stem, remaining after the 

 leaves have fallen. Flowers, on short peduncles. 



This shrub, so beautiful in fall, is very common in the thickets 

 bordering roadsides— those thickets for which Mrs. Olive Thorne 

 Miller enters a plea that they be left as coverts for our birds. She 

 says the careful farmer who clears away all his shrubbery will 

 have few song-birds around his place. 



