224 Purpura Hemorrhagica. 



the disturbance is manifested only by stiffness and clumsiness 

 in gait and inability to lie down, or if they succeed in this, in 

 their inability to rise. In the presence of large swellings they 

 remain motionless -.in one place, and it is impossible to make 

 them move (the inability to move may be partly due to involve- 

 ment of the muscles)- The swelling of the sheath hinders the 

 animal from protruding the penis, so that the urine trickles 

 out of the narrow opening of the sheath, and its borders as well 

 as the surrounding parts of the skin become irritated by it. 



The nutrition of the animals, except in the very mild cases, 

 is always insufficient, through the difficulty in mastication and 

 deglutition which has already been mentioned. Although the ap- 

 petite remains unimpaired fw a considerable length of time, and 

 in mild cases even during the entire course of the disease and 

 the thirst is even increased; in severe cases disturbances in 

 the appetite are noticeable which are due to the involvement 

 of the gastric mucous membrane. Symptoms of colic some- 

 times follow the severe changes, and these indicate hemorrhages 

 and inflammatory edematous infiltrations of the gastric and 

 intestinal wall. The colic may occur either in severe attacks 

 or less severely but more continuously. In some cases they 

 are followed by manifestations of a rapidly progressing anemia 

 and by collapse, which is an indication of an internal bleeding 

 into the abdominal cavity, while in other cases paralysis or 

 perforation of the intestine lead to sudden death. Feces are 

 passed in moderate quantities, a bloody consistency pointing 

 towards intestinal bleeding, while frequent movements of "the 

 bowels and a covering of the feces with a mueo-purulent ma- 

 terial points to inflammation of the rectum. In the presence 

 of a severe inflammation of the intestines profuse diarrhea 

 appears. In severe cases the urine contains albumen and also 

 blood. 



In mild cases the body temperature remains through the 

 entire course of the disease at normal height, or is only very 

 slightly elevated. In the presence! of necrosis and ulceration 

 of the. skin, and of the mucous membrane, the fever may rise 

 high from absorption of septic substances. The character of 

 the fever in such cases indicates a septic form. The tempera- 

 ture may also change in those cases in which the affection devel- 

 oped immediately after a febrile affection (Fig. 42), or if com- 

 plications arise during the course of the disease. 



In the beginning the heart's action is somewhat accelerated 

 but sufficiently strong. Later it becomes excited, and because 

 of the difficult respiration or the changes in blood pressure due to 

 hemorrhage and to pyemia or septicemia, the heart's action 

 becomes very rapid and throbbing, while the pulse steadily 

 diminishes in volume. 



A microscopical examination of the blood shows nothing 

 characteristic, with the exception of an occasional hyperleuco- 

 cytosis (according to Smith the quantity of albuminous sub- 



