Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention. 365 



consideration: contagious acne; in tliis however tlie pustules 

 are always larger, they usually develop only in the region of the 

 withers, and in its immediate surrounding, while they never 

 occur on the mucous membranes; — the coital exanthema, in 

 which however the vesicles are confined to the mucous mem- 

 brane of the genital organs and the neighboring parts of the 

 skin, and usually develop after copulation ; — pox, which usually 

 occurs only on the skin, and around the flexor region of the 

 pastern; — glanders, a suspicion of which may sometimes be 

 aroused by the affection of the mucous membrane and the neigh- 

 boring parts of the skin, also by the swelling of the lymph 

 glands. In this disease however there are no changes in the 

 buccal cavity, the ulcerations in the nose develop from nodules, 

 and the ulcers of the skin show no tendency towards healing; 

 in doubtful cases the rapid spread of the disease in stables, 

 and the rapid and complete recovery excludes glanders. 



Treatment. In the mild form of the disease a purely dietetic 

 treatment is usually sufficient. Less oats should be given to the 

 horses, and instead they should be given green feed, soft, fine 

 hay, or flour and bran gruels, also pure, fresh water frequently. 

 It is advisable to flush the mouth 3 to 4 times daily with any 

 mild disinfecting fluid (1 to 2% solutions of iron or copper 

 sulphate, or potassium chlorate, 2 to 3% creolin or lysol). The 

 ulcers on the skin should be treated in a similar way or with 

 dusting powder (dermatol, tannoform, etc.). In conjunctivitis, 

 sulphate of zinc or tannin (%%) gives good results. 



Prevention. Not infrequently the spread of the disease in 

 the threatened stables may be checked by immediate isolation 

 of the horse first affected. For this purpose it is sufficient to 

 separate the affected animal together with its neighbor by 

 an empty stall from the other animals, only they must be at- 

 tended by special persons, and separate utensils, special pails 

 and sponges must be used in their care. 



If several horses are already affected in a stable, and if a 

 spread of the disease is expected by the existing conditions, it 

 is advisable to undertake emergency inoculation of the healthy 

 animals in order to shorten the duration of the disease. The 

 inoculation is readily accomplished by rubbing saliva from the 

 affected horses on the inner surface of the lips, which have been 

 previously rubbed with a coarse linen cloth. 



After the disappearance of the disease the stalls of the 

 affected horses and all stable utensils should be washed with 

 a hot solution of lye. 



Literature. Hertwig, Mag!, 1841, VIII, 305.— Bouley, Diet, de m6d. v6t., 1871, 

 IX, 451.— Bggeling & Ellenberger, A. f. Tk., 1878, IV, 334.— Friedberger, D. Z. f. 

 Tm., 1879, V, 265; Miinehn, Jhb., 1882-83, 66; 1886-87, 50; 1889-90, 141.— Diecker- 

 hoff Spez. Path., 1892, I, 391.— Sehultz, Munch, m. W., 1894, 201.— Grbner, Vet. 

 Jhb., W95, 97.— Poschl, A. L., 1904, 681.— Eehnitz, S. B., 1906, 176. 



