496 Pseudo Rabies. 



ease appears similar to the spontaneous eases in animals. After "the 

 infection per os a marked inflammatory swelling and sensitiveness of 

 the lips and the buccal mucous membrane were observed. 



The disease, which up to the present time has been observed only in 

 Hungary, occurs not very infrequently in cats and dogs, as Marek diag- 

 nosed it in the clinic at Budapest from 1902 to 1908 in 118 cats a,nd 29 

 dogs. Some of the cat's had previously been fed spoiled meat; in the 

 majority of cases, however, the history relative to this point was nega- 

 tive. Some owners lost all their cats from the disease, without con- 

 sideration of sex and age. Szabo reports 16 cases occurring among a 

 pack of hounds. The disease has been repeatedly observed among cattle 

 and also in rats. 



STmptoms. After an incubation period of 20 hours to 10 days 

 (following artificial infection), a peculiar change in the behavior of the . 

 animal is observed. Dogs and cats become apathetic, change their rest- 

 ing place often and sit crouched up ; cats meow and yawn, sometimes 

 painfully. There is profuse salivation ; inappetence is present from the 

 onset of the disease with frequent vomiting, and constant symptoms of 

 paralysis. In about half of the cases the patients manifest severe itching 

 on any part of the head, which they scratch with the fore paws, or rub 

 against some object, sometimes so severely that inside of several hours 

 extensive abrasions or even deeper injuries result. In other cases this 

 symptom is absent, but the groaning or painful meowing indicates that 

 the animals are in pain. "With rare exceptions the examination of the 

 nervous system shows paralysis of the pharynx and pruritis, also an un- 

 even dilation of the pupils associated with at first increased reflex 

 irritability, later diminished pupillary reflex, muscular sensibility, and 

 superficial and deep reflexes. In most cases periodical twitching may 

 be observed in the flexor muscles of the head and neck, sometimes also 

 the muscles of the lip. The respiration is markedly labored, the tem- 

 perature is normal or only slightly elevated and the patients succumb 

 almost exclusively inside of 24 to 36 hours. In cattle a persistent rub- 

 bing of the muzzle or of other parts of the face is observed, which 

 results in more or less extensive bloody areas, denuded of hair and sur- 

 rounded by edematous swellings. At the same time the animals bellow 

 loudly, and kick spasmodically with their hind legs. In the mean- 

 while a pronounced swelling and weakness of the hind quarters develop, 

 while the appetite is for a time normal. Finally the disease terminates 

 in death after 12 to 36 hours. 



The autopsy reveals inflammatory lesions which occur at those parts 

 of the bodies of the animals which were painful during life; perhaps 

 there are also hyperemia or small hemorrhagic extravasations in the 

 cerebral meninges. Recovery has so far been observed only in one cat. 

 This animal, which on the flrst day had no appetite whatever, ate more 

 frequently on the following day, at the same time manifesting spasmodic 

 contractions of the muscles. The spasms became less frequent, saliva- 

 tion ceased after the fourth day, and on the eighth day the cat had 

 recovered. 



The disease is distinguished from rabies on the one hand by. the 

 absence of furious attacks, aggressive behavior, and of paralysis of the 

 jaw ; on the other hand by the fact that the blood as well as the brain 

 tissue is infectious, while the saliva is not, and finally that the disease 

 after a period of incubation of not more than several days, runs a very 

 rapid course. Especially characteristic of infectious bulbar |)aralysis is 



