548 Tuberculosis. 



hesion of the pericardial folds, but there may be an extensive 

 accumulation of sero-fibrinous or hemorrhagic exudate. Cheesy 

 nodules are occasionally found in the muscle of the heart. 

 In exceptional cases the aorta, surrounded by tuberculous lymph . 

 glands, becomes indurated. Portions of its walls may become 

 necrotic (Eber) or a tuberculous nodule may perforate the latter 

 and project into the lumen of the vessel (Ratz). 



The mesenteric glands are frequently considerably en- 

 larged and present the same characteristics as the affected 

 thoracic glands. Frequently the peritoneum is also involved, 

 especially its visceral layer. A limited area may be covered 

 with a few large nodules or numerous small tubercles may ex- 

 tend over great expanses of this membrane, while the omentum 

 is transformed into a thick irregular cord. On the mucous mem- 

 brane of the intestine, especially the duodenum and ileum, only 

 few cheesy nodules or ulcers are occasionally found. The liver 

 is frequently the seat of cheesy foci, some of them as large 

 as' an apple, the larger ones causing depressions on the surface 

 of the organ. Their marrow-like substance contains grayish- 

 white, white, soft, purulent or crumbling foci. In rarer in- 

 stances small or large tuberculous foci are found in spleen or 

 kidneys ; these occasionally perforate , into the pelvis of the 

 latter organ and set up ulcerating processes (Jensen). Ball 

 observed isolated tuberculosis of the mucous membrane of the 

 pharynx in the form of a granular pharyngitis. 



Finally tuberculous changes occur in rare instances in the 

 sexual organs, pancreas, bones, certain joints (Cadiot), sub- 

 cutaneous connective tissue (Eatz observed two cases of tuber- 

 culosis of the thoracic lymph glands that extended to and in- 

 volved the overlying skin). Tuberculosis may also occur in 

 the cerebral meninges as a tubercular meningitis (Nocard, 

 Cadiot, Ratz, Petit), etc. 



Acute miliary tuberculosis has also been observed in dogs 

 and Cadiot describes a case where small tubercles in the swollen 

 parenchymatous organs were visible with the unaided eye while 

 the tissues contained numerous tubercle bacilli (tuberculous 

 septicemia). 



In 32 cases described by Petit and Basset the pleura was affected in 19 

 instances, the pericardium in 15, the peritoneum in 10, the myocardium in 1, the 

 endocardium in 2, the intestine in 3, the mesenteric glands in 5, the liver in 15, 

 the spleen in 1, the kidneys in 9, the lungs and bronchial lymphatic glands in 

 17, the bronchial lymphatic glands alone in 1, the lungs alone in 2, and the mesenteric 

 glands were affected in one case where the large and small intestines were intact. 



In cats tuberculous changes are similar to those observed 

 in dogs. The abdominal organs and especially the mesenteric 

 lymph glands are affected most frequently. The disease may 

 have its seat in these organs exclusively or the respiratory 

 organs may also be involved. Jensen observed one case of 

 tuberculosis of the uterus, one of the testicles-, one of the joints 

 and two of the subcutaneous connective tissue; Hobday, one 

 case of generalized tuberculosis. 



