Symptoms in Cattle. 



559 



pronounced ammoniaeal odor of the urine and the presence 

 of albumin in the turbid urine. Microscopically, pus cells, 

 variously formed epithelial cells, irregular detritus, connective 

 tissue fibers and tubercle bacilli (Iro) may be demonstrated. 



Tuberculosis of the central nervous system manifests itself 

 in two forms. Solitary tuberculous foci, according to their 

 location and size, either in the brain or in its nerve trunks, 

 produce disturbance of function. The clinical picture is the 

 same or similar to that produced by other tumors and for that 

 reason a specific diagnosis can be 

 made only by the determination 

 of tuberculous disease in other 

 organs. 



The symptoms of cerebral af- 

 fection on the other hand are: 

 fearfvdness, unsteady swaying 

 gait, constrained or forced move- 

 ments, occasional clonic spasms 

 which may involve the whole body 

 in the form of epileptiform at- 

 tacks, partial or complete par- 

 alysis of regions supplied by cer- 

 tain cranial nerves (incoordina- 

 tion of the extrinsic muscles of the 

 eyes [eyes awry] and impaired or 

 total loss of vision, comparatively 

 frequent) ; slow and frequently in- 

 terrupted mastication, holding the 

 head to one side, desire to push 

 forward or upward, hemiplegia, 

 arythmic and slow pulse ; if the 

 spinal cord is involved, stiffness 

 of the hind quarters and tail, 

 paraparesis or paraplegia. These 

 sjinptoms not infrequently appear 

 suddenly in animals that were ap- 

 parently healthy, rapidly become 

 more aggravated and pronounced 

 and terminate in death after one 

 or two days. (In regard to locah- 

 zation of foci, see Vol. II. )_ 



The symptoms of acute inflam- 

 mation of the cerebral meninges 



mav follow the sjanptoms of a .n , 



local affection or they may make their appearance without pre- 

 vious warning The principal symptoms are : increased reflex 

 excitability and fearfulness, great restlessness, delirium or ray- 

 ing madness ; unsteady gait, muscular tremors, nystagmus, .lerk- 

 ing of certain muscles, opisthotonus or spasms of the entire 

 body symptoms of paralvsis in the region of certain cranial 



Fif,'. 92. ililk from a tuberculous 

 quarter of tlie udder. Turiiid, green- 

 ish yellow iluid witli flaky elieesy 

 sediment. 



