604 Tuberculosis. 



or to other persons. Further, governments should offer 

 premiums, and otherwise aid in the acquisition of such male 

 animals only as have been shown to be free from tuberculosis 

 by the tuberculin test or by protective inoculation. This would 

 have the additional advantage of stimulating the breeders to 

 make every effort to produce healthy animals because of the 

 greater value of the young animals. Finally, a properly 

 organized and effective system of meat inspection, aside fr,om 

 its value in locating centers of infection, would add to the 

 success of the whole undertaking by insuring the destruction 

 of badly infected animals or their diseased organs, and pre- 

 venting their sale as food, 



The government may assist or support efforts on the part 

 of private individuals by paying the expenses of professional 

 advice or supervision where the Bang system for the extermina- 

 tion of the disease is attempted, and by furnishing the neces- 

 sary tuberculin free or at cost of production. Such aid, how- 

 ever, should be extended only on condition that the owners 

 of the herds carry out to the letter all necessary measures 

 to insure successful prevention of infection of healthy animals, 

 dispose of all clinically affected or suspicious animals by 

 slaughter within a specified time and exclude all reactors from 

 trade. In this connection it is advisable and necessary to 

 provide proper means of identification of all reacting animals 

 because without this the tuberculin test may merely serve to 

 assist certain owners to dispose of their diseased animals by 

 sale and thus bring about a still wider dissemination of the 

 disease. For the same reason the manufacture and sale of 

 tuberculin and its importation . from other countries should be 

 controlled by the government. Finally, the dissemination of 

 information by the state or government in regard to the 

 nature and control of tuberculosis would be of great aid in a 

 campaign of suppression directed against this disease. 



Since 1909 the live-stock sanitary laws of Germany require owners to report 

 to the proper authorities all clinically recognizable forms of the disease affecting 

 the lungs, udder, uterus or intestines. Provision is made for the official condemna- 

 tion and destruction of such animals or their safe quarantine, disinfection of 

 infected premises and the marking of quarantined cattle for future identification. ; 

 The milk from such animals must be sterilized by heat before being sold or given 

 away and in case of tuberculosis of the udder it is absolutely excluded from use as 

 food for human beings. 



Austria has enforced very similar laws since 1909, requiring the notification 

 of all cases of clinical tuberculosis to the authorities, isolation and marking of 

 animals thus affected, disinfection of infected stables, compulsory slaughter of 

 calves ( ! ) from diseased cows and government support for the control and 

 extermination of the disease. 



In Hungary, since 1910, cattle with tuberculosis of the udder are confiscated 

 by the government and immediately slaughtered. In addition, the use of milk for 

 human food from cows with open tuberculosis is forbidden and all skim milk from 

 creameries and skimming stations must be pasteurized before it may be sold or 

 given away. 



The most successful results in the control and extermination of 

 tuberculosis are to be found in the northern states of Denmark, Norway, 



