Treatment, Prevention. 555 



eruption, loss of hair, emaciation) appear, the daily dose must be de- 

 creased or the treatment must be suspended for 5 or 6 days. The 

 effect is increased by external application of tincture of iodine to the 

 tumor, particularly to the affected tongue, or by the injection of this 

 solution into the tissues of the tongue. If the heart action is affected 

 it is recommended that sodium iodide be administered instead of the 

 potassium iodide. Prietsch observed good results from the internal 

 administration of iodovasogen in doses of 10 gm. of a 10% solution 

 administered at 5-day intervals, while Blume and Dorn recommended, 

 in addition, the injection of the tumor with the same substance. On 

 the other hand Mitteldorf obtained very favorable results even in 

 advanced cases from the direct injection into the tumor of iodipin 

 (40 to 100 gm.) and the administration of similar doses per os. Franz 

 recommends this remedy for both external treatment (25 to 50 gm. 

 of a 25% solution injected into the tumor or applied to its surface) 

 and internally 15 gm. per day. 



Prevention. In regions where the disease is enzootic it is 

 recommended that hay and straw from low, damp soil be 

 excluded from feeding, loung cattle should not be permitted 

 to graze on low or damp pastures. In a number of instances 

 it has been found that green feed which had been known to be 

 dangerous could be fed with impunity after being scalded or 

 steamed. The dangerous character of certain pastures and 

 meadows may, however, be ameliorated by proper cultivation 

 and drainage. 



Literature. Bollinger, T>. Z. f. Tm., 1877. III. 334. — Johne, Ibid., 1881. 

 VI. 141; 1888. XIII. 140. — Ponfick, D. Actinomykose d. Menschen, Berlin. 1882. 



— Bang, D. Z. f. Tm., 1884, X. 233. — Thomassen, Echo. vet. beige, 1885. XV. 

 409, — Bostrom, Beitr. z. path. Anat., 1890. IX. 1. — Easmussen, D. Z. f. Tm., 

 1891. XVII. 455; 1894. XX. 299. — Salmon, An. Ind., 1891 u. 1893. — Jensen 

 Monh., 1893. IV. 166. — Imminger, Monh., 1899. XI. 129. — Breuer, Z. f. Tlhyg., 

 1901. XI. 103 — Assman, D. t. W., 1904. 63. — Mitteldorf, ibid., 1904. 402. — 

 Lignieres & Spitz, Bull., 1905. 64. — Hollandt, A. f. Tk., 1905. XXXI. 417 (Lit.). 



— Wright, Public, of the Massachusetts Gen.-Hospital, 1905. I. 1. — Nicolaus, 

 Diss. Bern, 1908 (Lit.). — Kowalewsky, Hyg. de viande, 1909. III. 204. 



Actinomycosis of Man. This rather rare disease is caused by the 

 same actinomyces which produce the disease in cattle. The localization 

 of the morbid processes is also very similar to that observed in actinomy- 

 cosis of cattle. The morbid changes which are most frequently observed 

 in the gums, in the lungs and the maxillae, consist either of small, firm 

 tumors or more frequently of larger cold abscesses or fistulous ducts 

 surrounded by a very tough lardaeeous connective tissue. As in the 

 ease of animals, infection usually occurs through the medium of plant 

 tissues (awns of barley) either in the gums, the dental alveoli (especially 

 in the presence of defective teeth) or in the mucous membrane of the 

 mouth or larynx, the esophagus or intestine. In much rarer instances 

 infection may take place from the skin. Direct transmission of the 

 disease from cattle to man has not been established. 



Literature. Koranyi, Nothnagels Spez. Path. u. Ther., 1897. V. Bd. I. T 



Actinobacillosis. Under this name Lignieres & Spitz (^1902) 

 described a disease of cattle which occasionally assumed an epizootic 



