678 Botryomycosis. 



cutaneous and intermaxillary connective tissue of tlie thorax 

 and of the abdominal region. 



In swine Vilbrandt observed the development of botryo- 

 myces in the spermatic cord within six weeks after castration, 

 Petit & Cozette the same within three months after this opera- 

 tion. The grayish-yellow pus contained granules which con- 

 sisted of coccus-zooglcea but formed no staphylococcus groups. 



Diagnosis. The symptoms of botryomycosis are similar to 

 those of actinomycosis, and the two conditions may be differen- 

 tiated with certainty by means of microscopical demonstration 

 of the characteristic morula-like colonies. As a rule botryo- 

 mycosis is most frequent in the horse and actinomycosis in 

 the ox. 



In occasional instances, especially when diffuse swellings 

 exist, glanders or farcy may be suspected. These swellings, 

 however, are considerably firmer in botryomycosis, while the 

 peculiar node-like enlargements of the lymphatic vessels are not 

 present in botryomyces. The neighboring lymph glands are 

 rarely involved, and ulcers that may exist show a tendency to 

 luxuriant granulation. Horses affected with botryomycosis will 

 not react to mallein. 



Treatment. The treatment for superficial botryomycomata 

 is purely surgical (extirpation). Iodine treatment for affection 

 of the spermatic cord as recommended by Thomassen has not 

 been effective either in this disease (Frohner, Winter) or in 

 affection of the udder (Vennerholm). 



Literature. Bollinger, V. A., 1870. XLIX. 583; 1887. XIII. 176. — Johne, 

 S. B., 1884. 40; D. Z. f. Tm., 1885. XII. 73; 1886. XII. 204. — Eabe, Ibid., 1886. 

 XII. 137. — de Jong, Diss. Giessen, 1899. — Kitt, Cbl. f. B., 1888. III. 177; 

 Monh., 1890. I. 71. — Jensen. D. Z. f. Tm., 1892. XVIII. 433. — Galli-Valerio, 

 Cbl. f. B., 1902. XXVI. 508 (Lit.). — Glage, Hb. d. p. M., 1903. III. 795 (Lit.). 

 — Chanssee, Eev. g^n. 3905. V. 425. — Parascandolo & Meis, O. M., 1805, XXXI. 

 433. — Ernst, Cbl. f. Bakt., 1907. XLV. 121. — Letulle, J. de phys. et path. g6n., 

 1908. X. 256 



7. Glanders. Malleus. Farcy, 



{Malleus humidus et farciminosus ; Rotz]</rankheit, Hautwurm 



[German]; Morve, Farcin [French]; Morvo, 



Farcino [Italian].) 



Grlanders is a contagious and usually chronic disease of 

 Solidungula. It is characterized by the development of nodules 

 that have a tendency to break down or degenerate, and by ulcers 

 resulting from the latter process. These changes occur in the 

 tissues of the mucous membranes, the cutis and the internal 

 organs and are the direct effect of the Bacillus mallei. In excep- 

 tional cases carnivora become affected. Human beings are sus- 

 ceptible to infection by the virus. 



History. Glanders is a disease that has been known since the 

 remotest times, having been mentioned by Vegetius 400 years before 



