710 



Glanders. 



case of glanders of the cornea before referred to [see p. 699] 

 Eichter observed hyperemia of the corresponding region of 

 the cornea after subcutaneous injection of the mallein. The 

 number of visible nodules on the cornea became very numerous. 

 On the other hand Walter observed conspicuous redness of 

 the cutaneous ulcers during a reaction). In some cases the 

 temperature remains permanently elevated after the appear- 

 ance of the reaction and the disease, which, up to this time, 

 has been chronic, takes an acute course, the general symptoms 

 increase 'in intensity and the animal succumbs in the course 

 of a few weeks. Healthy animals do not react to mallein; and 

 in horses with other diseases a reaction, though occasionally ob- 

 served, is of very exceptional occurrence (possibly in some cases 

 of alveolar emphysema of the lungs?). 



Fig. 121. Typical Thermic Mallein Reaction. 



In interpreting the results of the mallein reaction the fol- 

 lowing principles should be observed: 



A mallein reaction is positive (typical) if the temperature 

 after injection exceeds the preinjection temperature by 2° C. or 

 more and rises above 40°, providing the preinjection tempera- 

 ture did not indicate fever. The reaction is positive, also, if 

 the increase in temperature is only 1.5 to 1.9° C. or exceeds 

 39.5 to 39.9° C, providing it is attended with a pronounced 

 organic reaction. 



The reaction is indefinite or doubtful if the rise in tempera- 

 ture equals 1.0 to 1.9° C. and no organic reaction occurs. 



The reaction is atypical if the rise in temperature, no matter 

 how excessive this may be, is very rapid and subsides with equal 



