728 Glanders. 



an extent that the inociilation of virulent cultures produced no harmful 

 effect, Levy, Blumenthal & Marxer obtained happy results in horses 

 by the subcutaneous administration of 600 mg. or two successive in- 

 jections of 300 mg. of bacilli that had been killed in 80% glycerin or 

 in 10 7o urea solution. Subsequently they prepared an immunizing 

 powder from cultures treated in the manner mentioned and which 

 they named "farase." This is applied in doses of 0.4 g. followed in 

 three weeks by 0.8 g. injected subcutaneously. This substance which 

 keeps well even at high temperatures is said to be absolutely harmless, 

 treatment therewith not seriously affecting the general condition of 

 the animal and producing an immunity of at least one year's duration. 



According to Malzew, cattle serum in doses of 250 to 420 ec. injected sub- 

 cutaneously protects horses against the action of virulent cultures of glanders. 

 Nocard, Aruch & Petrini, as well as Prettner, found that even the serum of cattle 

 which had been injected repeatedly with virulent cultures was ineffective, and 

 Galtier & Nicolas observed that treatment with serum of this kind after experi- 

 mental inoculation would at most prolong the course of the disease. 



Veterinary Sanitary Police. The live stock sanitary laws 

 of all civilized countries include glanders among those diseases 

 vphich must be officially reported, and provide also for regula- 

 tions requiring the immediate destruction of diseased and the 

 quarantine of suspected and exposed animals, including thor- 

 ough disinfection of infected premises. Public traffic vs^ith 

 horses is subjected to careful supervision for the purpose of 

 the prompt detection of new outbreaks. The strict enforce- 

 ment of these regulations, especially in those localities where 

 adequate compensation is provided for condemned animals, has 

 resulted in a marked decrease in this disease, which is strictly 

 contagious in its nature. 



In recent years the systematic application of mallein tests 

 and of serodiagnostic methods has added much to the success 

 in the control and eradication of glanders; while formerly the 

 presence of doubtful symptoms or the absence of pronounced 

 lesions merely pointed to suspicion of disease and consequently 

 involved the necessity of a long period of observation while 

 the animal was held in quarantine, modern methods of diag- 

 nosis make it possible to decide the nature of the malady at 

 once, or within a very short time, and thus make possible the 

 immediate isolation (or destruction) of dangerous individuals. 

 These methods also enable us to remove at once such horses 

 from infected stables as are healthy in general appearance, 

 but yet may have been the cause of the dissemination of the 

 disease. By isolation and further observation of such animals 

 the healthy horses are protected against possible infection. 

 This makes it possible, also, to dispense with many quarantine 

 regulations that were formerly necessary. The advantages 

 thus afforded to the owner of horses and to horse traffic in 

 general is evident. 



The application of the mallein tests and of serodiagnostic methods 

 is recommended in all cases where individual horses show symptoms 



